Acid-Base Balamce In The Body

Question 1

What is a major homeostatic challenge?

Answer 1

Keeping hydrogen levels of body in the appropriate range.

Question 2

What type of diet produce more acid than bases and tend to acidify the blood?

Answer 2

High protein diet

Question 3

What is the pH of systemic arterial blood?

Answer 3

7.35 and 7.45

Question 4

What three major mechanisms that regulates removal of hydrogen?

Answer 4

Buffer systems
Exhalation of carbon dioxide
Kidney excretion of hydrogen into the urine

Question 5

What substances act quickly to temporarily bind H+, removing the highly reactive, excess H+ from solution but not from the body?

Answer 5

Buffers

Question 6

What buffer systems maintain pH?

Answer 6

Protein buffer system
Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
Phosphate buffer system

Question 7

What is the most abundant buffer in ICF and Plasma?

Answer 7

Proteins

Question 8

What does the carboxyl group work on?

Answer 8

Releases hydrogen when pH rises and reacts with excess OH-.

Question 9

Can proteins buffer both acids and bases?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

HCO3 acts as what?

Answer 10

Weak base

Question 11

H2CO3 acts as what?

Answer 11

Weak acid

Question 12

Where are the concentrations of phosphates highest in?

Answer 12

ICF which makes them an important buffer in the cytosol

Question 13

At what range is arterial blood considered acidosis?

Answer 13

Less than 7.35 and under 7 is fatal

Question 14

At what range is arterial blood considered alkalosis?

Answer 14

Greater than 7.45 which leads to muscle spasm