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Anatomy > A4/5 - Clinical Anatomy of Respiration > Flashcards

A4/5 - Clinical Anatomy of Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What is the thin lining that surrounds the lung?

A

pleural cavity

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2
Q

What is the pleura that touches the heart an d the one that touches the wall?

A

heart - visceral

wall - parietal

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3
Q

What do the pleuaral cavities allow?

A

lungs to move freely without damage and act as a vacuum

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4
Q

What are the 4 different types of pleura?

A

costal - touches the ribs
diraphramatic - touches the diaphragm
mediastinal - touches the mediastinum
cervical - touches the neck

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5
Q

What the the extension of the pleaural cavity in which excess fluid builds?

A

costodiaphragmatic recess

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6
Q

What lung contains three lobes - superior, middle and inferior?

A

right lung

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7
Q

what separates the inferior and superioe lobes?

A

oblique fissure

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8
Q

What does the horizontal fissure separate?

A

the middle lobe from the superior and inferior lobes on the right lung

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9
Q

What is the tongue like projection of the left lung?

A

lingula

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10
Q

Where is the lingula located?

A

superior lobe of left lung

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11
Q

What is the root of the lung and what does it contain?

A

hilum

  • main bronchus
  • pulmonary arteries
  • 2 pulmonary veins
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12
Q

What surface marking does the right lung have?

A
  • superior vena cava

- azygous vein

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13
Q

What is the layout of the hilum of the right lung?

A

bronchi
artery
vein
(from medial - lateral)

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14
Q

What are the surface markings on the left lung?

A

arch of aorta

hearts

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15
Q

What is the layout of the hilum of the left lung?

A

Artery
bronchus
vein
(from superior to inferior)

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16
Q

What is phrenic nerve a combination of?

A

anterior rami of C3.4,5

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17
Q

Where is the phrenic nerve located?

A

anterior surface fo scalenus anterior and descends over the lateral aspects of the heart

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18
Q

What does the phrenic nerve supply ?

A

diaphragm

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19
Q

What are the accessory muscles of inspiration?

A

pectoralis major
pectoralis minor
sternocleidomastoid
scalenes

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20
Q

What are the accessory muscles of expiration?

A

rectus abdominus

diaphragm

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21
Q

How many cervical vertebrae is there?

A

7

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22
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae?

A

12

23
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae?

A

5

24
Q

how many sacral vertebrae?

A
  • in feotus there is 5 but fused to give one sacrum
25
Q

how man coccygeal vertebrae?

A
  • 5 but fused to form one coccyx
26
Q

How many vertebrae is there in total?

A

33

27
Q

What is the difference between primary curvature and a secondary curvature?

A

primary - anterior concavity

secondary - anterioc convexity

28
Q

What regions of the spine contain a primary or secondary curvature?

A

primary - thoracic , sacral

secondary - lumbar

29
Q

What are typical ribs?

A

exhibit the same anatomical features - 3- 9

30
Q

What ribs are atypical

A

1 2, 10-12

31
Q

Where is the neurovascular bundle located on typical ribs?

A

costal groove

32
Q

What joins the rib to the vertebrae?

A

costavertebral joints - the head of ribs joins to superior vertebra and the tubercle articulates with the transverse process

33
Q

What joints allow movement?

A

synovial joints - between supeopr articular process and inferior articular process of 2 ribs

34
Q

What sits between two vertebrae and allows movement?

A

intervertebral discs

35
Q

What is the joint between the sternum and the costal cartilage =?

A

sternocostal joints

36
Q

What do costochrondral joints articulate?

A

costal cartilage and ribs

37
Q

What is the lower edge of the chest at the bottom edge of ribs?

A

costal margin

38
Q

What articulates the sternum and the clavicle?

A

sternoclavicular joint

39
Q

Where is the sternal angle located?

A

rib 2

40
Q

What is the superior body of the sternum called?

A

manubrium

41
Q

What is the inferior process of the sternum called?

A

xiphoid process

42
Q

what muscles are deep to the chest wall?

A

intercostal muscles

pectoralis minor

43
Q

What groove separated the deltoid and pectoralis major?

A

delto-pectoral groove?

44
Q

What vessel is found in the delto-pectoral groove?

A

cephalic vein

45
Q

What muscle anchors the scapula to the ribs?

A

serratus anterior

46
Q

Which nerve supplies serratus anterior?

A

long thoracic

47
Q

What is the axillary tail?

A

lymphatic drainage which links to the axilla

48
Q

What are the three intercostal muscles?

A

external
internal
innermost

49
Q

How many intercostal spaces is there?

A

11

50
Q

What is carried in an intercostal space?

A

neurovascular bundle
- vein
- artery
nerve

51
Q

What is the most lateral - artery or vein?

A

subclavian artery

52
Q

What attaches to the scalene tuberacle on RIb ?

A

sclenus anterior

53
Q

What lies more medial - vein or artery?

A

vein

54
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A 
standing 
facing forwards 
face and eyes looking anteriorly 
upper limbs by side 
palms of hands facing anteriorly 
feet together 
toes pointing anteriorly

Anatomy (30 decks)

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