A15 - Muscles of Facial Expression

Question 1

Where are the muscles of facial expression located?

Answer 1

in the superficial fascia

Question 2

What is the area of face where fat collects in the cheek?

Answer 2

buccal fat pad

Question 3

What is the sharp transition from the fascia of the skin to the lips?

Answer 3

vermilion border

Question 4

What are the two epicranial muscles?

Answer 4

frontalis

occipitalis

Question 5

What facial expression does frontalis contribute too?

Answer 5

it raises the eyebrows and produces a surprised look

Question 6

What muscle gives the scalp movement by pulling the aponeurosis back?

Answer 6

occipitalis

Question 7

What is the bridge of attachment between occipitalis and frontalis?

Answer 7

epicranial aponeurosis

Question 8

What is the function of the two parts of orbicularis oculi ?

Answer 8

palpebral - muscle of the eyelid which closes gently when sleeping and blinking
orbital - outer ring that forcefully closes the eye

Question 9

What muscle around the eye impacts frowning ability by pulling the eyebrows down?

Answer 9

corrygator supercilli

Question 10

What facial muscles are found in the nasal region and what is their function?

Answer 10

nasalis split into 2 -
alar - wings of the nose which contain cartilage and dilate the nostrils
transverse - comes across the nose and contracts the nostrils

procerus - run in the supra-inferior direction and crinkle the nose

Question 11

What muscle elevated the lip and dilates the nose? (comes down from the eye to the nose and then to the top of the lip)

Answer 11

levator labii superioris alaque nasi

Question 12

What are the three levator muscles around the upper area of the mouth?

Answer 12

levator labii superioris alaque nasi
leavtor labii superiosis -
levator anguli oris -

Question 13

What muscle is found deep to the levator labii superioris and pulls up the angle of the mouth?

Answer 13

levator angulii oris

Question 14

what muscles are found in pairs in the zygomatic region and which is more medial?

Answer 14

zygomaticus major and minor

minor is more medial

Question 15

What muscles pulls down the angle of the mouth?

Answer 15

depressor angulii oris

Question 16

What muscle is found on the middle of the chin and puls it forward?

Answer 16

mentalis

Question 17

What function does the muscle depressor labii inferioris?

Answer 17

depresses the lower lip

Question 18

What muscle circles the mouth, helps with pouting and prevents drooling?

Answer 18

orbicularis oris

Question 19

What is the area where most muscles converge?

Answer 19

modiolus

Question 20

What is the connection between two muscles which forms a stable line from the hammulus down to the mandible?

Answer 20

pteryomandibular raphe

Question 21

What does SCALP stand for?

Answer 21

skin 
loose connective tissue - highly vascularised 
aponeurosis 
connective tissue 
pericardium

Question 22

What supplies the muscles of facial expression?

Answer 22

facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 23

Where does the facial nerve exit the skull cavity and where does it branch ?

Answer 23

exits via the stylomastoid foramen and branches in the parotid region

Question 24

What are the branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 24

temporal 
zygomatic 
buccal 
mandibular 
cervical 
posterior auricular

Question 25

How is venous blood drained from the face?

Answer 25

• vessels drain into the pterygoid venous plexus
• this empties into the maxillary vein
• which drains into the internal jugular vein

Question 26

Why must the facial vein take a traitorous pathway to the inner corner of the eye?

Answer 26

as if it was straight when the mandible opens it would tear, the waves give it some movement