A15 - Muscles of Facial Expression Flashcards
Where are the muscles of facial expression located?
in the superficial fascia
What is the area of face where fat collects in the cheek?
buccal fat pad
What is the sharp transition from the fascia of the skin to the lips?
vermilion border
What are the two epicranial muscles?
frontalis
occipitalis
What facial expression does frontalis contribute too?
it raises the eyebrows and produces a surprised look
What muscle gives the scalp movement by pulling the aponeurosis back?
occipitalis
What is the bridge of attachment between occipitalis and frontalis?
epicranial aponeurosis
What is the function of the two parts of orbicularis oculi ?
palpebral - muscle of the eyelid which closes gently when sleeping and blinking
orbital - outer ring that forcefully closes the eye
What muscle around the eye impacts frowning ability by pulling the eyebrows down?
corrygator supercilli
What facial muscles are found in the nasal region and what is their function?
nasalis split into 2 -
alar - wings of the nose which contain cartilage and dilate the nostrils
transverse - comes across the nose and contracts the nostrils
procerus - run in the supra-inferior direction and crinkle the nose
What muscle elevated the lip and dilates the nose? (comes down from the eye to the nose and then to the top of the lip)
levator labii superioris alaque nasi
What are the three levator muscles around the upper area of the mouth?
levator labii superioris alaque nasi
leavtor labii superiosis -
levator anguli oris -
What muscle is found deep to the levator labii superioris and pulls up the angle of the mouth?
levator angulii oris
what muscles are found in pairs in the zygomatic region and which is more medial?
zygomaticus major and minor
minor is more medial
What muscles pulls down the angle of the mouth?
depressor angulii oris
What muscle is found on the middle of the chin and puls it forward?
mentalis
What function does the muscle depressor labii inferioris?
depresses the lower lip
What muscle circles the mouth, helps with pouting and prevents drooling?
orbicularis oris
What is the area where most muscles converge?
modiolus
What is the connection between two muscles which forms a stable line from the hammulus down to the mandible?
pteryomandibular raphe
What does SCALP stand for?
skin loose connective tissue - highly vascularised aponeurosis connective tissue pericardium
What supplies the muscles of facial expression?
facial nerve (CN VII)
Where does the facial nerve exit the skull cavity and where does it branch ?
exits via the stylomastoid foramen and branches in the parotid region
What are the branches of the facial nerve?
temporal zygomatic buccal mandibular cervical posterior auricular
How is venous blood drained from the face?
- vessels drain into the pterygoid venous plexus
- this empties into the maxillary vein
- which drains into the internal jugular vein
Why must the facial vein take a traitorous pathway to the inner corner of the eye?
as if it was straight when the mandible opens it would tear, the waves give it some movement
