A12 - Deep Fascia of the Neck

Question 1

What is the outer layeor or the skin which is water proof and non-vascular?

Answer 1

epidermis

Question 2

What is the dense connective tissue layer of the skin which is vascularised?

Answer 2

dermis

Question 3

What are the two layers of fascia and their features?

Answer 3

superficial fascia- adipose tissue

deep fascia - tough connective tissue

Question 4

What features do the deep layers of tubes within the deep fascia give?

Answer 4

• connect the superior mediastinum to the base of the skull

- infection is maintained in one tube as it is unavailable to spread horizontally

Question 5

What does the superificial fascia contain?

Answer 5

sensory nerves
platysma
superficial veins

Question 6

What is the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C2-4

Answer 6

cervical plexus

Question 7

What is the cervical plexus sensory to?

Answer 7

skin of the neck, shoulder, corner of the face

Question 8

What branches of the cervical plexus arise for C2 and C3?

Answer 8

great auricular

transverse cervical

Question 9

What branch is supplied by C2 only?

Answer 9

lesser occipital

Question 10

What fibres supply the supraclavicular branch?

Answer 10

C3, C4

Question 11

What is the point in the neck where the cervical plexus goes deep, posterior to the middle of sternocleidomastoid’s posterior border?

Answer 11

nerve point

Question 12

What is the muscle of facial expression that is located in the superfical fascia of the neck that is supplied by the cervival branch of CN VII?

Answer 12

platysma

Question 13

What are the superficial veins of the neck?

Answer 13

external jugular - sit on top of strenocleidomastoid and can be seen on surface anatomy

anterior jugular - on teh middle of the chin

superficial jugular communicating veins - empties blood from the common facial

Question 14

What are the three layers of deep cervical fascia?

Answer 14

investing
pre-tracheal
pre-vertebral

Question 15

What is enclosed in the investing layer of deep cervical fascia?

Answer 15

sternocleidomastoid
trapezius
submandibular and parotid salivary glands

Question 16

Where does the investing fascia attach? hyoid bone; lower border of mandible; zygomatic arches; styloid processes; mastoid processes; superior nuchal line & spinous process of cervical vertebrae

Answer 16

hyoid bone;
lower border of mandible; zygomatic arches;
styloid processes; mastoid processes; superior nuchal line spinous process of cervical vertebrae

Question 17

The pre-tracheal layer is split into to segments, these are and what do they enclose?

Answer 17

visceral - thyroid gland, trachea and oesophagus

muscular part - encloses the strap muscles

Question 18

What does the pre-vertebral fascia enclose?

Answer 18

• postural muscles and cervical vertebrate

- carotid sheaths

Question 19

What do the carotid sheaths contain?

Answer 19

vagus nerve
deep cervical lymph nodes
internal jugular
common carotid artery

Question 20

What layer of fascia is continuous with the pre-tracheal but changes name when the trachea is no longer present?

Answer 20

buccopharyngeal fascia

Question 21

What is the space between the pre-tracheal and the pre-vertebral fascia ?

Answer 21

retropharyngeal space