A17 - Parotid and Temeromassetric Region

Question 1

What is the parotid gland?

Answer 1

it is paired with the major salivary gland and produces serous fluids

Question 2

What does saliva contain?

Answer 2

water
digestive enzymes -amylase
electrolytes
antmicrobal enzymes

Question 3

What cuts across the masseter and drains into the mouth at 2nd maxillary molar via the parotid papilla?

Answer 3

parotid duct

Question 4

what are the contents of the parotid region?

Answer 4

• facial nerve plexus
• retromandibular vein (superficial temporal vein & maxillary vein)
• external carotid artery ( superficial temporal artery & maxillary artery)

Question 5

what are the branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 5

temporal  
zygomatic 
buccal 
mandibular 
cervical posterior auricular

Question 6

What makes up the parotid bed?

Answer 6

medial - styloid process of temporal bone, stylohyoid & posterior belly of digastric, posterior border of mandibular ramus

posterior - sternocleidomastoid

anterior - masseter muscle

lateral - posterior border of mandibular ramus

Question 7

describe the saliva supply by the parotid gland

Answer 7

1. pre-ganlionic fibres leave the cranial cavity via the jugular foreman as the tympanic brach of the glossopharyngeal to the tympanic region in the middle ear
2. these fibres leave the tympanic region as the lesser petrosal nerve through the foramen ovale with the Vc branch of CN V
3. pre-ganglionic fibres synapse in the otic ganglion
4. post-synaptic fibres travel with the auriclo-temporal branch of Vc to the parotid gland supplying sympathetic

Question 8

What is caused by chronic bruxism?

Answer 8

maseteric hypertrophy

Question 9

How can msseteric hypertrophy be treated?

Answer 9

botox

Question 10

Explain the Gilles approach for a fractured zygomatic arch

Answer 10

1. incise the skin and the superficial fasci over temporalis
2. place device between muscle & fascia then push inferiorly to zygomatic arch
3. lift and reduce anteriorly

Question 11

What stimulates saliva production ?

Answer 11

thought, smell of food

pain in/around the mouth area

Question 12

What nerve supply produces “sticky” saliva that makes the mouth feel dry?

Answer 12

sympathetic

Question 13

What nerve supply produces runny saliva?

Answer 13

parasympathetic

Question 14

What is a calcified mass in a salivary gland?

Answer 14

saliva calculi

Question 15

What problem does saliva calculi cause?

Answer 15

obstruct ducts causing swelling and pain but have intermitting pain due to stimuli of glands