A: Joints Flashcards
What’s the difference between synovial and non-synovial joints?
Synovial joints have fluid between the bones, so they have a joint cavity.
What types of non-synovial joints are there?
Fibrous, cartilaginous
What are fibrous joints?
Bones interlock at suture lines + connected by fibrous tissue. Fibrous tissue is replaced by bone with age.
What are primary cartilaginous joints?
Found at growth plates, very little movement is possible.
Growth plates are made of hyaline cartilage and are in between two bones, new bone can grow at the end of cartilage. Once growth finishes the bones fuse together.
Osgood-Schlatter disease
When there is prolonged excessive use of quadriceps whilst growth plate is still active, it can cause irritation of growth plate which causes tension on patellar tendon.
What are secondary cartilaginous joints?
Joint made of hyaline and fibrous cartilage. Found between intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis.
What does hyaline cartilage do?
Covers joint surfaces
What does fibrous cartilage do?
Flexible, thickness of pad determines movement available for bones.
Role of menisci?
- Shock absorption
- Better fit
- Improves lubrication
Plane joints
Very little movement
Flat surfaces
Found in joints of hands + feet
Hinge joints
Flexion + extension –> uniaxial
Found in elbow, ankle
Saddle joint
Biaxial
Found in thumb
Pivot joint
Bony process inside a ring, uniaxial
E.g. proximal radioulnar
Ellipsal (condyloid) joint
Biaxial
Wrist
Ball + socket
Multiaxial
Shoulder
