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Pharma Final > A-27 Anthelmintics (benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles, tetrahydropyrimidines) 
 > Flashcards

A-27 Anthelmintics (benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles, tetrahydropyrimidines) 
 Flashcards

1
Q

Must know drugs Benzimidazole

A

Albendazole
Fenbendazole
Flubendazole
Triclabendazole
Febantel

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2
Q

Must know drugs Imidazothizole

A

Levamisole

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3
Q

Must know drugs Tetrahydropyrimidine

A

Pyrantel

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4
Q

Action of antihelmintics

A

Expel parasite by :
Stunning
Killing
Have a selective toxicity to parasite

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5
Q

Antinemadotals

A

Against roundworm

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6
Q

Anticestodal

A

Against tapeworm

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7
Q

Antitrematodals

A

Against flukes

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8
Q

Types of benzimidazole

A

Benzimidazole carbamates (halogenated)
Pro Benzimidazole

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9
Q

Mechanism of action of Benzimidazole

A

Tubular polymerisation inhibition
So inhibition in cell transport & E metabolism

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10
Q

Spectrum of Benzimidazole

A

AT, AC, AN
Antiparasitic/fungal/viral/tumor effect

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11
Q

Benzimidazole only for liver flukes

A

Triclabendazole

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12
Q

Resistance of Benzimidazole

A

Ru: GI roundworm
Swine: oesophagostomum
Eq: strongylus
Ca: blood sucking nematodes

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13
Q

PK : abs of Benzimidazole

A

Poor in GI ( except Albendazole & oxfendazole) last 6-30 h
Slowed by rumen & eq caecum
Feed decreases activity

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14
Q

Pk: met of Benzimidazole

A

Rumen acts as drug reservoir
Febantel oxidised to Fenbendazol then Oxfendazole

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15
Q

Pk: excr. Of Benzimidazole

A

Biliary, both (parent & metabolites) eliminated with faeces

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16
Q

Administration of Benzimidazole

A

PO relitavely safe

17
Q

Toxicity of Benzimidazole

A

Teratogenic
Hepatotoxic, feather/hair loss (prolonged use)
Neurotoxic (large dose)

18
Q

Specie application of Febantel

A

Ca
Fe

19
Q

Species application of Flubendazole

A

Ca
Fe
Sus

20
Q

Species application of Mebendazol

A

Ca
Fe
Eq

21
Q

Species application of Fenbendazole

A

Ca
Fe
Eq
Sus

22
Q

Species application of Albendazole

A

Ru

23
Q

Species application of Triclabendazole

A

Ru, only for liver flukes

24
Q

Mode of action of imidazothiazoles

A

nAch receptor agonist —> paralysis

25
Q

Imidazothiazole spectrum

A

AN, larvicidal (migrating stage) & adultcidal

26
Q

Imidazothiazole resistance

A

Ru: GI nematodes
Cross resistance with Morantel

27
Q

Pk of Imidazothiazole

A

A: rapid
Excretion: rapid, urine

28
Q

Administration route of levamisole

A

PO
SC in sheep (short WP, 0 days for milk)

29
Q

Toxicity of levamisole

A

NARROW TI
Kuvasz dogs are very sensitive
Cats and horses too

30
Q

Side effects of levamisole

A

Salivation, tremors, ataxia, urination, defecation , collapse, asphyxia

31
Q

Antidote in case of Levamisole toxicosis

A

Atropine

32
Q

Mechanism of action of tetrahydropyrimidines

A

Cholinomimetic —> paralysis

33
Q

Tetrahydropyrimidines spectrum

A

AN, adult gut worms & larval stages

34
Q

PK of pyrantel

A

Abs: Good in Sus & ca
Bad in Ru
Met: rapid
Excr: urine

35
Q

Pk of Morantel

A

Abs: good in SI
Met: liver (short WP & 0 milk)
Excr: urine

36
Q

Species application of pyrantel

A

Ca
Fe
Eq
PO

37
Q

Species application of Morantel

A

Bolus: Cattle
Oral suspension: Sheep

38
Q

Tetrahydropyrimidines resistance

A

Migrating larvae
Whipworms (except oxantel)

39
Q

Toxicity of Tetrahydropyrimidines

A

Cholinergique signs
Antidote : atropine
Morantel is safer in Ru

Pharma Final (15 decks)

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