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Pharma Final > A-21. Macrolides > Flashcards

A-21. Macrolides Flashcards

1
Q

Must know Macrolides

A

azithromycin
clarithromycin
Tylosin
Tylvalosin
Tilmicosin
Tulathromycin

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2
Q

Macrolides structure

A

macrocyclic Lactone ring attached to sugar
(weak base)

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3
Q

mode of action of macrolides

A

inhibition of protein synthesis on 50S
Bacteriostatic

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4
Q

Particularity of macrolides ma

A

ion trapping = high IC concentration
the more N the more ion trapping

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5
Q

Macrolides with 3 N

A

Tulathromycin

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6
Q

Macrolides with 2 N

A

Azithromycin
Gamithromycin

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7
Q

Abs of macrolides

A

PO variable
erythromycin (acid sensitive)
Tyrosine phosphate & tartarate
IM/SC good but irritation

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8
Q

distribution of macrolides

A

good, not BBB
high Conc in lungs

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9
Q

metabolism of macrolides

A

extensive in liver
CYP450 enzyme inhibitor

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10
Q

excretion of macrolides

A

bile

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11
Q

spectrum of macrolides

A

Gram + (strepto & Staph)
Gram- :
fastidious
bordetella
campylobacter
Anaerobs
B. Hyodysenteria
L. intracellularis
Mycoplasma
Chlamydophilia
Borrelia
R. Equi

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12
Q

Resistance to macrolides

A

Enterobacteriacea
P. Aeruginosa

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13
Q

Side effects of Macrolides

A

GI irritation (erythro)
tissue irritation
dysbacteriosis (ok foals)

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14
Q

Indication of erythromycin

A

smalls: campylobacter
Eq: R. Equi (+ Rifampicin)

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15
Q

Indication of Spiramycin

A

smalls: oral cav inf.

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16
Q

Indication of Tylosin

A

smalls: ARD
Su: L. intracllularis
Sus;Ru;Av: RI, necrotic enteritis

17
Q

Indication of Tilmicosin

A

NOT GOATS
Fastidious Gr- & Mycoplasma

18
Q

Administration of tilmicosin in Ru

A

SC (lasts 3 days)

19
Q

Administration of tilmicosin in Su

A

PO (lasts 3 days)

20
Q

Indication of tylvalosin

A

sus & Av: RI
B. hyodysenteria
L. intracellularis

21
Q

Indication of Tula/Gami-thromycin

A

RU &Sus
fastidious & mycoplasmae (RI)

22
Q

duration of action of tulathromycin

A

6 days

23
Q

duration of action of gamithromycin

A

10-15 days

24
Q

Indication of tildipirosin

A

Ru & Sus
NOT MYCOPLASMAE
Fastidious Gr-

25
Q

duration of action of tildipirosin

A

14- 28 days

26
Q

Indication of Azi/Clari-thromycin

A

Smalls (PO)
gram+
fastidious gr-
borrelia
mycoplasmae
campylobacter
R. equi

27
Q

Indication of tylosine phosphate

A

GI inf

28
Q

Indication of tylosine tartarate

A

RI

Pharma Final (15 decks)

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