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Integrated Physiology > 9: Glucose Transport and Glycolysis > Flashcards

9: Glucose Transport and Glycolysis Flashcards

1
Q

Adipose tissue has fewer ____ reactions

A

amino acid

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2
Q

Muscle has few ____ metabolic reactions

A

lipid

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3
Q

4 major pathways of glucose utilization

A
  1. Structure: extracellular matrix, cell wall polysaccharides
  2. Storage: glycogen, starch, sucrose
  3. Oxidation via pentose phosphate pathway: ribose 5-phosphate
  4. Oxidation via glycolysis: pyruvate
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4
Q

SGLT

A

sodium-glucose linked transporter

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5
Q

GLUT

A

glucose transporter

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6
Q

Blood glucose and insulin levels are ___ after a meal

A

similar

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7
Q

Blood glucose and glucagon levels are ____ after a meal

A

opposite

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8
Q

Insulin promotes translocation of what?

A

GLUT4

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9
Q

What are the enzymes that convert glucose and ATP to glucose 6-P and ADP?

A

Non-liver: hexokinase
Liver: glucokinase

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10
Q

What is the normal resting level for glucose concentration?

A

5 mM

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11
Q

Hexokinase has a ___ affinity for glucose

A

high

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12
Q

Glucokinase has a ___ affinity for glucose

A

low

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13
Q

What protein further regulates use of glucose in the liver?

A

GK-RP

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14
Q

Glycolysis summary

A

Glucose to 2 pyruvate

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15
Q

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A

Converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA to prepare for TCA cycle

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16
Q

What enzyme converts glucose to glucose 6-phosphate?

A

hexokinase

17
Q

What enzyme converts fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate?

A

phosphofructokinase

18
Q

What inhibits phosphofructokinase?

A

ATP

19
Q

What enzyme converts glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate?

A

glyceraldehyde 3P dehydrogenase

20
Q

What enzyme converts phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate?

A

pyruvate kinase

21
Q

What enzyme converts pyruvate to lactate?

A

lactate dehydrogenase

22
Q

What inhibits pyruvate kinase?

A

ATP

23
Q

What enzyme converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase

24
Q

What enzyme shuttles cytoplasmic NADH electrons to the ETC?

A

glycerol 3-phosphate

Integrated Physiology (24 decks)

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