1: Introduction

Question 1

What are the 2 main purines?

Answer 1

guanine and adenine

Question 2

What enzyme converts xanthine to urate?

Answer 2

xanthine oxidase

Question 3

What enzyme converts uric acid to allantoin?

Answer 3

urate oxidase

Question 4

Uric acid is ____ soluble

Answer 4

poorly

Question 5

Allantoin is _____ soluble

Answer 5

highly

Question 6

How is uric acid transported?

Answer 6

via the blood

Question 7

Where does conversion from urate to allantoin take place?

Answer 7

the liver

Question 8

How is allantoin removed from the blood?

Answer 8

via the kidney and is excreted in urine

Question 9

hyperuricemia

Answer 9

high uric acid levels in blood

Question 10

hyperuricosuria

Answer 10

high uric acid levels in urine

Question 11

What happens when uric acid levels become too high?

Answer 11

precipitates and forms stone (uritholiosis) in the bladder

Question 12

What do Dalmatians have a mutation of?

Answer 12

urate transporter

Question 13

Prevention of hyperuricosuria with diet

Answer 13

low purine diet (low meat and fat)

Question 14

Prevention of hyperuricosuria with pharmacology

Answer 14

Allopurinol: inhibits xanthene oxidase and reduces urate in blood