2: Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

How many synapses are used in the ANS?

Answer 1

two

Question 2

Myelination of ANS

Answer 2

lightly myelinated or no myelination

Question 3

What spinal segment does the sympathetic nervous system originate from?

Answer 3

thoracolumbar

Question 4

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons

Answer 4

short

Question 5

Where do sympathetic preganglionic neurons synapse?

Answer 5

sympathetic trunk (or ganglia in the abdomen or adrenal medulla)

Question 6

Sympathetic postganglionic neurons

Answer 6

long

Question 7

What spinal segment does the parasympathetic nervous system originate from?

Answer 7

craniosacral

Question 8

Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons

Answer 8

long

Question 9

Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons

Answer 9

short

Question 10

What is the most important cranial nerve?

Answer 10

Vagus

Question 11

Where do postganglionic axons of the vagus nerve travel to?

Answer 11

thoracic and abdominal viscera

Question 12

Where do sacral postganglionic neurons travel to?

Answer 12

pelvic viscera

Question 13

What do autonomic preganglionic neurons release onto target cells?

Answer 13

acetylcholine

Question 14

What do parasympathetic postganglionic neurons release onto target cells?

Answer 14

acetylcholine

Question 15

What do sympathetic postganglionic neurons release onto target cells?

Answer 15

norepinephrine

Question 16

What do sympathetic postgalionic neurons release to sweat glands and blood vessels in skeletal muscle?

Answer 16

acetylcholine

Question 17

What do postganglionic-like secretory cells of the adrenal medulla release into the bloodstream?

Answer 17

epinephrine and some noreprinephrine

Question 18

Cholinergic

Answer 18

acetylcholine-releasing synapses

Question 19

Adrenergic

Answer 19

norepinephrine and epinephrine-releasing synapses

Question 20

2 types of cholinergic receptors

Answer 20

1. nicotinic
2. muscarinic

Question 21

Nicotinic receptors

Answer 21

faster response, at autonomic ganglia and neuromuscular junction

Question 22

Muscarinic receptors

Answer 22

slower response, at postganglionic parasympathetic and a few postganglionic sympathetic