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Integrated Physiology > 8: ETC and Oxidative Phosphorylation > Flashcards

8: ETC and Oxidative Phosphorylation Flashcards

1
Q

Oxidative phosphorylation

A

the enzymatic synthesis of ATP coupled to the transfer of electrons to molecular oxygen

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2
Q

What is complex I?

A

NADH dehydrogenase

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3
Q

What is complex II?

A

succinate dehydrogenase

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4
Q

What is complex III?

A

cytochrome bc1

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5
Q

What is complex IV?

A

cytochrome aa3

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6
Q

What molecule does complex 1 take electrons from?

A

NADH, forming NAD+

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7
Q

Which complex doesn’t span the membrane and cannot pump hydrogens?

A

complex II

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8
Q

Ubiquinone

A

the point of entry for electrons derived from complex I, cytosol, fatty acid oxidation, and succinate oxidation

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9
Q

What molecule does complex II take electrons from?

A

FAD

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10
Q

Where does complex I send its electrons?

A

coenzyme Q

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11
Q

Where does complex II send its electrons?

A

coenzyme Q

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12
Q

Where does complex III send its electrons?

A

cytochrome c

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13
Q

Where does complex IV send its electrons?

A

to oxygen to create water

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14
Q

What drug inhibits complex I?

A

rotenone (pesticide, insecticide)

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15
Q

What drug inhibits complex III?

A

antimycin A (fish poison)

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16
Q

What drug inhibits complex I?

A
17
Q

What drug inhibits complex IV?

A

potassium cyanide and carbon monoxide

18
Q

Where is the majority of ATP made?

A

ATP synthase

19
Q

What is the most damaging free radical?

A

hydroxyl (OH)

20
Q

How many electrons does it take to reduce O2 to H2O?

A

4

21
Q

What reactive oxygen species is a byproduct of coenzyme Q?

A

O2-

22
Q

What is the group of enzymes that metabolize drugs in the liver?

A

cytochrome P450

23
Q

Glutathione

A

an antioxidant found in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria that is made up of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine

24
Q

What is the results of tylenol overdose?

A

depletion of glutathione reserves and hemolysis of RBCs (hemolytic anemia)

25
Q

What is the treatment for Tylenol overdose?

A

NAC (N-acetylcysteine) increases glutathione levels by supplying cysteine

26
Q

What subunit of ATP synthase generates the most ATP?

A

F1

Integrated Physiology (24 decks)

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