9

Question 1

management of open nerve injury

Answer 1

• direct repair
• nerve grafting
  <3 days clean and sharp
  <3 weeks blunt/ contusion

Question 2

most common causes of anterior shoulder dislocation

Answer 2

fall with outstretched arm

Question 3

angiosarcoma

Answer 3

malignant vascular tissue tumour

Question 4

lipoma

Answer 4

benign adipose tissue tumour

Question 5

cause of lateral recess stenosis

Answer 5

normally due to disc prolapse

Question 6

cast time greenstick forearm fracture

Answer 6

4-6 weeks

Question 7

phocomelia

Answer 7

some long bone absence

Question 8

presentation transient synovitis

Answer 8

pain in hip on affected side
limping
slightly unwell
apyrexial

Question 9

Antabuse

Answer 9

makes alcoholics sick if they have a drink

Question 10

typical pathway of acute osteomyelitis

Answer 10

1. metaphysics
2. vascular stasis
3. acute inflammation
4. suppuration
5. release of pressure
6. bone necrosis
7. new bone formation
8. resolution

Question 11

describe type III B open #

Answer 11

high energy, extensive soft tissue damage,
severe fracture (comminution, displacement), wound >10cm;
any gunshot, farm accident, segmental fracture, bone loss, severe crush injury, marine

• periosteal stripping
• extensive muscle damage
• heavy contamination

Question 12

urgent criteria for open #

Answer 12

polytraumatised
marine/ farmyard
neurovascular compromise
gross contamination
compartment syndrome

Question 13

define dislocation

Answer 13

complete joint disruption

Question 14

management dislocations

Answer 14

• reduction
• analgesia
• muscle relaxant
• may need more than 1 person to provide enough traction

Question 15

presentation cauda equina syndrome

Answer 15

triad of:

• shooting pain down both legs
• saddle numbness/ paraesthesia
• bladder/ bowel dysfunction

Question 16

causes of closed nerve injury

Answer 16

usually stretching of the nerves

Question 17

symptoms sciatica

Answer 17

pain radiating down leg from lower back
stabbing/ burning/ shooting
paraethesia
numb
weak

Question 18

what is spondolisthesis

Answer 18

when one of the bones in your spine slips out of position

Question 19

causes of sciatica

Answer 19

slipped disc
spinal stenosis
spondylolisthesis
back injury

Question 20

is golfer elbow medial or lateral elbow

Answer 20

medial

Question 21

causes of frozen shoulder

Answer 21

idiopathic
trauma
cardiac surgery
thyroid conditions are a risk factor

Question 22

management subacromial impingement

Answer 22

subacromial steroid injection
physio
arthroscopic subacromial decompression