12 Flashcards
how is type II osteochondral lesion defined
cartilage not intact -> flap
presentation of perthes disease
- short statures
- limp
- knee pain on exercise
- stiff hip joint
- systemically well
when does perthes disease occur
It occurs when the blood supply to the rounded head of the femur (thighbone) is temporarily disrupted. Without an adequate blood supply, the bone cells die, a process called avascular necrosis.
investigations into an ankle #
x-ray -> AP and lateral
mechanism
deformity
what is a salter-harris fracture
fracture involving the epiphyseal plate or growth plate of a bone
define ankle SH1
transverse fracture through the growth plate
management of lateral recess stenosis
nerve root injection
epidural injection
surgery
causes of foraminal stenosis
normally because of problems with facet joints
acute osteomyelitis investigations
- blood culture x 3
- bone biopsy x 5
- x-ray of affected region
- FBC
- ESR
- CRP
- U+E
common causes acute osteomyelitis in children
- boils
- tonsillitis
- skin abrasions
- blunt trauma
pathophysiology charcots foot
- neurotraumatic (lack of proprioception and protective pain sensation)
- neurovascular (abnormal autonomic nervous system results in increased vascular supply and bone resorption)
what is a clinical diagnosis of frozen shoulder based on
evidence of global restriction of movement
signs of Dupuytrens contracture
thickening of palmar aponeurosis inability to fully extend fingers progressive contracture not painful tender lump in palm can get fixed flexion
symptoms carpal tunnel syndrome
weakened thenar muscles
disrupted sensation where median nerve supplies
nocturnal pain and paraesthesia in all/ part of medial nerve distribution
swelling causes of carpal tunnel syndrome
- ganglion
- fibroma
- lipoma
