6

Question 1

how does a ganglion occur

Answer 1

weakness on wall of joint capsule/ tendon sheath/ligament causing an outpouching

Question 2

which nerve is in cubital tunnel

Answer 2

ulnar nerve

Question 3

what is carpal tunnel composed of

Answer 3

floor - carpal bones
roof - flexor retinaculum
contents - median nerve, 9 tendons

Question 4

management de quervians tenosynovitis

Answer 4

splints
steroid injection
decompression

Question 5

describe an incised wound

Answer 5

superficial sharp force injury caused by slashing motion

longer on skin surface than it is deep

Question 6

coagulation disorders increasing bruising

Answer 6

thrombocytopenia 
Von Willebrands disease
haemophilia 
alcoholic liver disease
bone marrow failure

Question 7

areas most resilient to bruising

Answer 7

• buttocks

- abdomen

Question 8

osseus syndactyly

Answer 8

fusion of bones

occurs when notches between digital rays fail to develop

Question 9

surgical procedure removing bone spurs from base of big toe

Answer 9

cheilectomy

Question 10

surgical mobilisation of a joint by fusion of adjacent bone

Answer 10

arthrodesis

Question 11

surgical reconstruction or replacement of a joint

Answer 11

arthroplasty

Question 12

investigations into ankle arthritis

Answer 12

x-ray

CT to exclude adjacent joint arthritis

Question 13

newer/ 3rd line treatments plantar fasciitis

Answer 13

1. extracorporeal shockwaves
2. topaz plasma coblation
3. nitric oxide
4. platelet rich plasma
5. endoscopic/ open surgery

Question 14

cutaneous syndactyly

Answer 14

simple webbing between digits

Question 15

femeroacetabular impingemement investigations

Answer 15

• MRI (useful for identifying associated conditions)

- x-ray (bony pathology)

Question 16

presentation Lesch Nyhan Syndrome

Answer 16

• intellectual disability
• aggressive and impulsive behaviour
• self-mutilation
• gout
• renal disease

Question 17

define leech nyhan syndrome

Answer 17

condition characterized by neurological and behavioral abnormalities and the overproduction of uric acid in the body. It occurs almost exclusively in males

Question 18

alternative name for chondrocalcinosis

Answer 18

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease

Question 19

presentation lumbar disc prolapse L3/4

Answer 19

L4 - sensory loss (medial aspect lower leg)

motor weakness of quads

knee jerk reflex affected

Question 20

neonate presentation acute septic arthritis

Answer 20

unwell
not wanting to move
septicaemia
irritability

Question 21

in what gender and leg side is developmental dysplasia of the hip most common

Answer 21

female

left

Question 22

surgical management diabetic foot ulcers

Answer 22

improve vascular supply
debridement
correct any deformity to offload area
amputation