11 Flashcards
endochondroma
benign cartilage forming tumour
endocrine causes osteoporosis
PCOS hypothalamic amenrohhoea hypo and hyperthyroid cushings hyperprolactinaemia pregnancy hypopituitarism early menopaus thyrotoxicosis
what is sciatica
shooting pain from lower back down (typically one) leg
when the sciatic nerve which runs from your hip -> feet is irritated
operative management achilles tendonitis
gastrocnemius recession
release and debridement of tendon
potential causes achilles rupture
load > failure strength
- pushing off with weight bearing foot whilst extending knee joint
- unexpected ankle dorsiflexion e.g. hole
- violent doris-flexion of plantar flexed foot e.g. fall from height
investigations hallux valgus
x-ray to determine severity of underlying bony pathology
what happens in dupuytrens contracture
thickening of palmar aponeurosis
traumatic causes of carpal tunnel syndrome
distal radius fracture
what indicated genetic link to dupuytrens contracture
early onset
bilateral disease
FH
ectopic disease
management charcots foot
improve vascular supply
prevention
immobilisation - no weight bearing until acute fragmentation resolved
correct deformity
common acute osteomyelitis organisms in children
staph aureus
haemophilus influenzae
strep pyogenes
management central stenosis
- epidural steroid injection
- surgery
symptoms hallux rigidus
asymptomatic
pain - often @ extreme dorsiflexion
limited ROM
what do you want on a DEXA scan
zero or above
origin of radial nerve
C5,6,7,8 T1
presentation Pagets disease of bone
>40 bone pain which doesn't get better with rest bone deformity excessive heat at bone nerve deafness asymmetry
what happens in Pagets disease of bone
In Paget’s disease of bone, something goes wrong with the osteoclast cells and they start to absorb bone at a much faster rate than usual.
The osteoblasts then try to produce new bone more quickly, but the new bone is larger and weaker than normal.
what is osteogenesis imperfecta
genetic condition in which new bone is not generated correctly
define ankle #SH2
fracture through growth plate and metaphysis sparing epiphysis
management type II and III osteochondral lesion
drilling/ fixing
what is an osteochondral lesion
osteochondral lesion is an injury or small fracture of the cartilage surface of the talus
how is a type III osteochondral lesion defined
fragment
