17 Flashcards
what is an ankle # transitional #
fracture across growth plate closing
describe antalgic gate
gait pattern in which stance phase on affected side is shortened
where does a ganglion arise from
joint capsule, tendon sheath or ligament
symptoms of ganglion
- visible bump (round, firm, smooth, non-tender)
- pain on movement
- changes in size
- not fixed to underlying tissues
- never fixed to skin
how should asymptomatic hyperuricaemia be managed
not to be treated
operative management lesser toe deformities
- flexor/ extensor transfer
- interphalangeal joint fusion
- metatarsophalangeal joint release
- osteotomy of metatarsal
de quervians tenosyovitis signs
- pain around base of thumb
- swollen
- tender
- hot
- red
cubital tunnel syndrome
occurs when the ulnar nerve is stretched, compressed, or irritated where it crosses the elbow
what is femoral anteversion
inward twisting of the femur causing knees to point inwards
causes of intoeing and tripping
int. tibial torsion
femoral anteversion
metatarsus adductus
what is an intervertebral disc made of
nucleus pulposus
annulus fibrosis
type 1 + 2 collagen
presentation of JIA pauciarticular type 3
asymmetric UL and LL
constitutional symptoms rare
rheumatoid arthritis - what does a DAS <2.4 indicated
clinical remission
what is DAS28 a measure of
measure of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis
what is plantar fasciitis
chronic degenerative change, fibroblast hypertrophy, can’t make extra-cellular matrix needed for repair and remodelling
in what circumstances does 1st attack of hyperuricaemia need to be treated
- polyarticular or tophaceous gout
- renal insufficiency
- 2nd attack in a year
- urate calculi
possible consequences scaphoid fracture
retrograde blood supply so difficult to heal -> AVN
TB bone and joint management
- chemo
- rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for 2 months
- rifampicin and isoniazid for additional 4 months
- rest and splint age
investigations for osteoporosis
bone density scan (DEXA)
calcium and vit D levels
thyroid hormones
fracture risk assessment tool
potential causes SUFE
- boys 9-14
- overweight
- hypothyroidism
- very tall
what does SUFE stand for
slipper upper femoral epiphysis
management perthes disease
maintain hip motion analgesia restrict painful activities supervised neglect potential osteotomy
