22

Question 1

what is ortolanis sign

Answer 1

elevation and abduction -> hip clunks into place

Question 2

signs of DDH

Answer 2

leg length discrepancy 
ortolanis sign 
barrows sign
piston-motion sing
hamstring sign

Question 3

principle of management for childrens fractures

Answer 3

cast for as little time possible
remodel well in plane of joint movement
do not over treat
fixation is not usually required

Question 4

childrens fracture involving knee/ ankle physes results in

Answer 4

growth arrest

Question 5

if not caught at birth what can DDH present with

Answer 5

leg length discrepancy

awkward gait

Question 6

risk factors for DDH

Answer 6

• first born
• oligohydramnios
• breech
• FH
• other lower limb deformities
• increased weight (>10ibs)

Question 7

risk factors for patella dislocation

Answer 7

• laxity
• femoral anteversion
• tibial external rotation

Question 8

symptoms Mortons neuroma

Answer 8

• typically affects 3rd, then 2nd webspace. toes
• neuralgic burning pain in the toes
• intermittent
• altered sensation in webspace

Question 9

most common cause Mortons neuroma

Answer 9

wearing high heels

Question 10

how is plantar fasciitis diagnosed

Answer 10

mainly clinical

occasionally:

• x-rays
• MRI
• USS

Question 11

management of ankle #SH1

Answer 11

displaced <3mm - POP6

displaced >3mm - POP6, MUA

Question 12

define ankle #SH4

Answer 12

• fracture through all 3 elements of bone, growth plate, metaphysics and epiphysis

Question 13

1st line management JIA

Answer 13

paracetamol

NSAIDs

Question 14

what is meant by constitutional manifestations

Answer 14

systemic symptoms

Question 15

size of normal walking base

Answer 15

5-10cm

Question 16

common compensations of someone with functional leg length discrepancy

Answer 16

• circumduction
• hip hiking
• steppage
• vaulting

Question 17

non-operative management lesser toe deformities

Answer 17

• altered shoe wear
• activity modification
• orthotics

Question 18

what is this?

- loss of wrist extension and sensory loss to whole

Answer 18

radial nerve palsy originating in arm

Question 19

most common cause of acute osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients

Answer 19

salmonella

Question 20

common acute osteomyelitis organisms in adults

Answer 20

staph aureus
myobacterium
TB
pseudomonas aeroginosa

Question 21

presentation of gout

Answer 21

single extremely painful and aching joint
hot inflamed
white under skin
nodules appearing. systemically
acute, sudden onset

Question 22

secondary management lumbar disc prolapse

Answer 22

• physio
• strong analgesia
• MRI
• referral after 12 weeks