15

Question 1

presentation TB bone and joint

Answer 1

deep boring pain especially @ night
pathological fractures
anaemia symptoms
weight loss
insidious onset
swelling
low grade pyrexia
decreased ROM
ankylosis

Question 2

management polymyalgia rheumatica

Answer 2

prednisone 15mg/ day
18-24 month course with slow taper
bone prophylaxis

Question 3

question that should always be asked in suspected/ diagnosed polymyalgia rheumatica

Answer 3

temporal artery tenderness
headache/ sore brushing hair
eyesight

Question 4

describe protrusion lumbar disc prolapse

Answer 4

annulus fibrosis weakened but still intact

Question 5

presentation of pauciarticular JIA type 2

Answer 5

constitutional symptoms rare

limp due to LL affection

acute iridocyclitis

Question 6

iridocyclitis

Answer 6

Iridocyclitis is an inflammation of the iris and of the ciliary body

Question 7

immunological indicators of RA

Answer 7

rheumatoid factor
antiCCP
ACPA

Question 8

symptoms subacromial impingement

Answer 8

painful when they abduct their shoulder

Question 9

causes of increased size of contents of subacromial space

Answer 9

swollen bursa

swollen tendon

Question 10

describe osteogenesis imperfecta type 1

Answer 10

milder form, presents when child begins to walk and can present in adults

Question 11

presentation acute synovitis with purulent joint effusion

Answer 11

• extreme pain
• pyrexia
• hyperthermia
• tachycardia
• limping
• pseudoparalysis
• swollen red joint
• refusal to move

Question 12

lumbar disc prolapse at what level would affect knee jerk reflex

Answer 12

L3/4

Question 13

what is internal tibial torsion

Answer 13

inward twisting of the tibia, causing intoeing

causes increased thigh foot angle

Question 14

what is meant by paresis

Answer 14

weakness

Question 15

chondrosarcoma

Answer 15

malignant cartilage forming tumour

Question 16

causes of caudal equina syndrome

Answer 16

• central lumbar disc prolapse
• tumours
• trauma
• epidural abscess
• iatrogenic
• haematoma

Question 17

sensory presentation of nerve injury

Answer 17

altered sensation
paraesthesia 
anaesthesia 
hypo and hyper aesthetic 
dysaethesia

Question 18

causes of inadequate dorsiflexion control

Answer 18

weak tibialis anterior

spastic plantar flexors

Question 19

common causes increased walking base

Answer 19

abducted hip
valgus knee
instability
cerebellar ataxia
proprioception deficits

Question 20

describe neurogenic shock

Answer 20

secondary to disruption of sympathetic outflow

Question 21

common causes trendelenburg gait

Answer 21

• painful hip
• hip abductor weakness
• leg length discrepancy
• abnormal hip joint

Question 22

describe Chur-Strauss

Answer 22

eosinophil rich necrotising granulomatous inflammation often involving resp tract