9/20 Foot - Brauer (Completed)

Question 1

What are the two bones of the hindfoot? 2

Answer 1

Talus

Calcaneus

Question 2

How man phalanges are there in the foot?

Answer 2

14

Question 3

How many metatarsals are there in the foot? 2

Answer 3

5

Question 4

What muscles are found in the first (superficial) layer of the foot? 10

Answer 4

Abductor digiti minimi - lateral

Flexor digitorium brevis - middle

Abductor hallucis - medial

Question 5

What muscles found in the 2nd layer of the foot? 10

Answer 5

Quadratus plantar - middle (big)

Lumbricals - anterior middle (tiny)

Question 6

What tendons are found in layer two of the foot? 10

Answer 6

Flexor hallucis longus

Flexor digitorum longus

Question 7

What muscles are found in the 3rd layer of the foot? 11

Answer 7

Adductor hallucis (transverse & oblique head)

Flexor hallucis brevis

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 8

What muscles are found in the 4th layer of the foot? 11

Answer 8

Plantar interossei:

• -> 1st, 2nd, and 3rd
• -> PAD (toward 2nd digit, midline)

Dorsal interossei

• ->1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th
• ->DAB (away from 2nd digit, midline)

Question 9

What tendons are found in the fourth layer of the foot? 13

Answer 9

Fibularis longus tendon (eversion)

Tibialis posterior tendons (inversion & plantarflexion

Question 10

What causes Hallux valgus? 14

Answer 10

Narrow shoes cause lateral deviation of great toe

Question 11

What is Trigger toe? 15

Answer 11

must occur in the big foot:

An extended MTP joint and flexed PIP (proximal interphalangeal) joint

Question 12

What must be true if a Hamer-like deformity is referred to as Mallet toe? 15

Answer 12

there is flexion in the distal IP joint (instead of extension)

Question 13

What is Claw toe? 16

Answer 13

Hyperextension of metatarso-phalangeal joints

And

Flexion of distal & proximal interphalangeal joints

Question 14

What is the Innervation for all the sides of the foot? 17

Answer 14

Lateral side –> Sural nerve

Dorsal side:
—> Deep Fibular nerve (med. of 2, lat. of 1)
—> Superficial Fibular nerve (rest of foot)

Sole of foot: (all make up the tibial nerve)
—> Medial plantar nerve
—> Lateral plantar nerve
—> Medial Calcaneal branches (heel)

Question 15

What does the medial plantar nerve innervate? 21

Answer 15

Abductor hallucis

Flexor hallucis brevis

Flexor digitorum brevis

Medial one lumbrical

Question 16

What does the lateral plantar nerve innervate? 21

Answer 16

Abductor digiti minimi

Quadratus plantae

Lateral three lumbricals

Adductor hallucis

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Interossei

Question 17

What is Charcot’s (Rocker or Boat) Foot? 22

Answer 17

Joint disorganization caused by:

Neuropathy (diabetic)
Trauma
Perturbations of bone metabolism

Question 18

What are the consequences of Charcot’s Foot? 22

Answer 18

Midfoot collapses, resembles a boat

Foot bones often fracture

Question 19

What are the dorsal arteries of foot? 23

Answer 19

See picture diagram