Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK - Midterm > 9/18 Neurulation - Dennis (Completed) > Flashcards

9/18 Neurulation - Dennis (Completed) Flashcards

1
Q

What happens during week 1? 4

A

Blastocyst begins to implant in uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens by week 3? 4

A

Chorion, yoke sac, umbilical vesicle forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are all three germ layers derived from?

A

The epiblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where are GI glands and glandular cells of the liver and pancreas derived from? 6

A

Endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are skeletal muscles, RBCs, and lining of the BVs derived from?

A

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the notochord and most of the cardiovascular system derived from? 6

A

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the epidermis of the skin derived from? 6

A

Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is the CNS/PNS, eyes, and internal ears derived from? 6

A

Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the dermis derived from? 6

A

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What induces neurulation? 8

A

The notochord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is induction? 8

A

Notochord instruction growth of the rest of the neural plate (neural ectoderm) and neural crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the progression into a functional neural tube? 10

A

Neural plate –> neural folds –> neural tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the neural plate?

A

A region of the ectoderm that has been specified to be a part of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prior to neural fold formation what must happen? 10

A

Neural groove must be in place (think of it as a hinge point)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the notochord’s orientation to the neural tube? 11

A

Notochord is inferior/ventral to the neural tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

After the neural tube has formed what lies superior/dorsal to it? 11

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where are neural crest cells found? Where are they after the neural tube has been formed? 11

A

The dorsal edge of the neural folds

Once the neural tube has been formed the neural crest cells are released and become free floating

18
Q

Where does secondary neurulation take place? What tissue are these secondary neurulation sites derived from? 12

A

Derived from mesenchyme

Takes place at the sacral vertebrae

19
Q

How are the neural crest cells released from the neural tube? 13

A

Neural crest at the most dorsal aspect of the neural tube pinch off and migrate away at the very end of neural tube closure, but some leave earlier

20
Q

What pharyngeal arch produces the laryngeal cartilage? 15

A

Arch 4

21
Q

What pharyngeal arch produces malleus, incus, and meckel’s cartilage? 15

A

Arch 1

22
Q

Which pharyngeal arch produces the stapes, styloid, and hyoid cartilage?

A

Arch 2

23
Q

What is the defect in Micrognathia? 17

A

Neural crest failure to form the lower jaw

24
Q

What are the meninges derived from? 19

A

From neural crest cells and mesenchyme

25
Q

What do the primitive meninges differentiate into? 19

A

Ectomeninx –> becomes compact, forms spaces for future venous sinuses

Endomeninx –> becomes reticulate, subarachnoid space/cisterns appear

26
Q

How does the neural tube actually close? 20

A

Not a uniform closure along the entire length

Closing begins at the thoracic region and spreads away from the middle in both directions

27
Q

What do we call the last portions of the neural tube to close (prior to their actual closing)? 21

A

Neuropore

Cranial neuropore and Caudal neuropore

28
Q

What may arise from lack of closure 5 (5th site)? 22

A

Various forms of spina bifida

29
Q

What clinical manifestation may you see with lack of closure 2 (2nd site)? 22

A

Anencephaly

30
Q

Define Anencephaly. 23

A

Lack of brain, not compatible with life

31
Q

What are the types of Anencephaly? 23

A

Meroencephaly - some brain tissue

Holoencephaly - single brain structure forms

Craniorachischisis - cranial and other regions of neural tube open

32
Q

What happens in spina bifida occult? 24

A

Unfused neural arch (two sides) of vertebrae open

33
Q

What’s happening in meningocele? 24

A

Meninges protrude past the body wall

34
Q

What’s happening in meningomyelocele?

A

Both spinal cord tissue and meninges prodtrudes past body wall

35
Q

What’s happening in myeloschisis? 24

A

Failure for closure of the neural tube

36
Q

What is the first fold that occurs in the developing brain? 27

A

The developing brain folds forward resulting in the forebrain

Folding pushes the hear and mouth more Caudal LH

37
Q

What does the connecting stalk eventually become? 29

A

The umbilical cord

38
Q

What happens in Omphalocele? 32

A

Bowel w/ membranous sac outside of body wall

39
Q

What happens in Gastroschisis? 32

A

Exposed bowel protruding from body wall

40
Q

What’s happening in Ectopia cordis? 32

A

Heart located beyond the body wall

41
Q

Watch videos on slide 34

A

Watch

MSK - Midterm (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions