87. Oral ST tissues

Question 1

innervation and blood supply to lips and cheeks

Answer 1

CN VII facial MOTORCN V trigeminal SENSORYlower lip: facial arteryupper lip: infraorbital artery

Question 2

sublingual caruncle

Answer 2

underneath tongue root, on each side of the lingual frenulumcontains openings of the sublingual and mandibular salivary ducts

Question 3

3 paired extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 3

skeletal muscle1. styloglossus: attaches to stylohyoid apparatus2. hyoglossus: attaches to basihyoid3. genioglossus: attaches to medial aspect of each mandibleall under hypoglossal nerve innervation

Question 4

lingual papillae

Answer 4

surface of tongue is cornfield squamous epithGUSTATORY–fungiform: –vallate–foliateNONGUSTATORY–filiform–conical (grooming; feline)

Question 5

blood supply to tongue

Answer 5

lingual artery (branch of internal carotid) and veinright and left lingual arteries branch throughout lingual parenchyma therefor disruption of blood supply of one artery has NO significant effect on blood flow to tissue.

Question 6

physiology of deglutition

Answer 6

1. oropharyngeal: ORAL- food bolus compresses and formed (voluntary 5, 7, 12), epiglottis covers glottis & soft palate protects nasopharynx; PHARYNGEAL-INvoluntary (9,10) food pushing through pharynx/cricopharyngeal sphincter; PHARNYGOESOPHAGEAL-INvoluntary (9,10) food passes sphincter closes2. esophageal3. gastroesophageal

Question 7

the most common congenital disorder affecting the lips in dogs

Answer 7

primary cleft palate

Question 8

congenital eversion and lower lip redundancy in large to giant breed dogs can be treated how

Answer 8

–antidrool cheiloplastymucocutaneous flap from lower lip is pulled through a full thickness incision in the upper caudodorsal vestibule–full thickness wedge reaction at commissure

Question 9

breed with tight lip syndrome

Answer 9

shar peilip margin covering the rostral mandibular dental arcade

Question 10

most common tumor of the canine lip

Answer 10

melanoma

Question 11

what is ankyloglossia

Answer 11

congenital dzshort thick frenulum restricts movementAnatolian Shepherdstx: resect band (frenuloplasty)

Question 12

mineralization in calcinosis circumscripta

Answer 12

mineralization with calcium hydroxyapatite crystals or amorphous calcium phosphate–dystrophic–metastatic–idiopathicTONGUE IS THE SECOND MOST COMMON SITE for ectopic mineralization

Question 13

most common malignancies in the canine vs feline oral cavity

Answer 13

CANINE1. melanoma2. SCC3. FSAFELINE1. SCC (70-80%)2. FSA

Question 14

according to Dennis et al JAVMA 2006 breed (s) at risk for lingual tumor

Answer 14

shar peis and chows—at risk for lingual melanomafemales and poodles, labs, samoyeds —SCC

Question 15

most common spot for lingual tumor in cat

Answer 15

SCCventral tongue (frenulum)risk: canned food eaters, regular canned tuna, flea collars (5x)

Question 16

% of lingual tumors that are malignant in the dog

Answer 16

64%

Question 17

dogs generally tolerate how much of a glossectomy

Answer 17

50% resection is tolerated in dogs with no assistance in feeding or dietary modifications

Question 18

findings from Culp et al JAVMA 2013 dogs with lingual neoplasia

Answer 18

> 2 cm had shorter survival than < 2 cm (find and treat early)#1 SCC, #2 Melanoma28% recurrence rate

Question 19

cats with mandibulectomy

Answer 19

73% dysphagia42% long term difficult eating Northrup JAAHA 2006

Question 20

most common pharyngoesophageal dysphagias

Answer 20

cricopharyngeal asynchrony and achlasiaFLUOROSCOPYbolus through pharynx but bolus will fail to pass through the cricopharyngeal sphincter

Question 21

common sites of oropharyngeal penetration/trauma

Answer 21

esophagus, lateral and dorsal pharyngeal wall, and sublingual rads, oral exam, CT/MRI, scope, contrast

Question 22

predominant tumor of the canine tonsil

Answer 22

SCCunlike other oral (nontonsillar) SCC—tonsillar SCC are aggressive and met early73% met to regional node 42% met to distant region (lung)MST after tonsillectomy 2 monthsMST tonsillectomy + radiation therapy 110 days