45Coaptation_Prosthesis

Question 1

general functions of coaptation

Answer 1

1. wound mgmt/protection2. immobilization for stability and support3. controlling edema

Question 2

functions of coaptation used for fracture management

Answer 2

1. anatomic reduction2. prevent displacement, angulation, rotation3. preserve ST4. prevent fracture disease5. maintain the use of as many joints as possible6. early return to function

Question 3

% of malunion and nonunion associated with ante brachial coaptation for fx repair in small toy breed dogs

Answer 3

83%

Question 4

what forces are counteracted with external coaptation

Answer 4

bending and some rotational forces provided joints above and below are immobilized

Question 5

“50% rule” for external coaptation

Answer 5

cortical positioning of fracture ends should have 50% contact (apposition) to expect fracture healingtake rads AFTER bandage/cast placement to ensure adequate reduction of AT LEAST 50% in both planes

Question 6

Spica vs velpeau

Answer 6

spica–hindlimb or front limb splint to immobilize shoulder or hip jointvelpeau–forelimb splint to immobilize scapular fracture/luxation, bandaged in flexion and patient is nonweight bearing

Question 7

what is a Sarmiento type bandage

Answer 7

below-the-knee for certain tibial fractures in order to maintain stifle function

Question 8

indication of a carpal flexion bandage

Answer 8

used when stabilization is not necessary and weight bearing is not desiredallows movement of elbow and shoulderimmobilizes carpus in flexion to take stress off flexor tendons after repair`

Question 9

amount and type of padding for Robert Jones

Answer 9

1-3 rolls of 1 pound 12 inch cotton4-8 cm THICK (modified version is cast padding 1/2-2 cm thick)

Question 10

Schroeder-Thomas splint

Answer 10

this is a traction device constructed of wire frame and soft bandage materialcounteracts muscle forces AND immobilizes the limb Used for distal extremity fractures

Question 11

T/Fwhen casting for optimal fracture stability, cast padding should not exceed 2 layers

Answer 11

TRUEwhen casting for optimal fracture stability, cast padding should not exceed 2 layers

Question 12

T/Fhobbles prevent adduction of the limbs

Answer 12

FALSEhobbles prevent ABDUCTION of the limbsfront: medial instability of the shoulderhind: obturator nerve paralysis/pelvic trauma, CAUDOVENTRAL coxofemoral luxation (stifle hobbles)

Question 13

positioning of Ehmer sling

Answer 13

non weight bearing coaptation–max 3 weeksflexion of hip and stifleinternal rotation of hip jointabductionmost commonly used to protect repair following CRANIODORSAL hip lux or following closed reduction

Question 14

what is a Robinson sling

Answer 14

prevents weight bearing in the hind limballows some range of motion of the hip stifle and hock joints

Question 15

define orthosis

Answer 15

an externally applied device designed to stabilize, support and augment the function of an existing limb or body part1. nonrigid (neoprene)2. rigid (hi temp thermoplastics)3. semi-rigid (low temp thermoplastics)STATIC or DYNAMIC

Question 16

define prothesis

Answer 16

an artificial substitute for a missing body part that is used for functional and/or cosmetic reasons.

Question 17

types of sprains

Answer 17

injury to ligament 1 mild, over stretched (nonrigid)2 moderate, partial tear (semi rigid unless chronic/obese rigid)3 severe, complete disruption or tearing ( sx indication)

Question 18

prosthetic candidate

Answer 18

1. amputation distal to carpus/tarsus–most successful for prosthetic2. forelimb is more challenging than hindlimb based on weight distribution3. compliance–owner and patient4. larger breeds, larger SA of bone, pressure distribution more likely to be successful BUT increased size can incr load–failure5. SX technique–adeaute skin coverage with incision away from stump and nerve endings away from areas of pressure

Question 19

osseointegration prosthesis

Answer 19

one step–case reportinvolves threading the prosthesis on a titanium bolt (abutment) which is implanted in the bone of the proximal limbthe abutment provides attachment of the prosthesis at the level of the skin