8.1 - Ending of the CW 84-95: Internal problems in Eastern Europe Flashcards
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN THE USSR
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN THE USSR
What was in very short supply in the USSR?
Consumer goods
What was there a concentration on in the USSR’s economy?
Heavy industry at the expense of consumer goods
How much aid were Cuba and Vietnam receiving each year?
$1 billion
Why was there no innovation and foreign investment in the USSR?
There was a state monopoly on business
What was the size of the Soviet GDP as a % of the US GDP?
37%
What was the size of the Soviet GNP as a % of the US GNP?
52%
What % of its GDP was the USA spending on the military in 1989?
7%
What % of its GDP was the USSR spending on the military in 1989?
27%
How much was the USA spending on defence in 1989?
$254 billion
How much was the USSR spending on defence in 1989?
$134 billion
How much of its revenue did the government lose in its anti-alcohol campaign?
1/3
What % of grains did the USSR produce in comparison to the USA despite having 75% more farmland?
2/3
How many more farm workers did the USSR have than the USA?
8 times
What was one of the biggest challenges facing the Eastern European economy?
Lack of technical innovation
How much did East Germany owe Western banks by 1981?
$12.8 billion
What was the GDP per capita in the Soviet Union in 1989?
$2700
What was the GDP per capita in the USA in 1989?
$22,600
What was the GDP per capita in West Germany in 1989?
$18,000
What agricultural policy was very ineffective?
Collectivisation
AFGHANISTAN WAR
AFGHANISTAN WAR
What type of war was the war in Afghanistan?
Guerrilla war
What is the USSR estimated to have spent on the war in Afghanistan?
$50 billion
What is the number of official casualties of Soviet soldiers in Afghanistan?
15,000
What is the CIA estimate for the number of Soviet soldiers killed in Afghanistan?
50,000
What became a growing political force?
The veterans
In 1989, where did men refuse to be conscripted?
The Baltic republics and Georgia
What were Soviet citizens being told was happening in Afghanistan?
Soldiers were building schools and roads
What did the war in Afghanistan show the rest of Eastern Europe?
That the Soviet army could not easily crush any attempt to break away
What did Gorbachev describe the war as in 1986?
A ‘bleeding wound’
What programme did the CIA fund from 1979 to arm and train mujahideen fighters?
Operation Cyclone
When did the muhajideen receive stinger missiles from the USA?
1986
How many muhajideen fighters did the USA train over the course of the war?
100,000
How much did the USA spend in supporting anti-Soviet resistance?
$20 billion
