5.4 - Why did the liberation of Europe cause tensions in the wartime alliance and lead to the Cold War?

Question 1

Chapter 5.4 - why did the liberation of Europe cause tensions and lead to the cold war

Answer 1

why did the liberation of Europe cause tensions and lead to the cold war

Question 2

When did Stalin get his wish and D-Day happened?

Answer 2

6th June 1944

Question 3

When did Hitler commit suicide?

Answer 3

30th April 1945

Question 4

What did Stalin want to create after the war?

Answer 4

A buffer-zone against the west

Question 5

Why did the Czechoslovaks mistrust the west?

Answer 5

After the Munich Agreement of 1938

Question 6

What did the 1938 Munich agreement do?

Answer 6

Meant that Czechoslovakia must surrender its border regions and defenses to Nazi Germany

Question 7

What did Czechoslovakia sign with the USSR after President Edvard Benes visited Moscow in December 1943?

Answer 7

The Treaty of Friendship

Question 8

What did the Treaty of Friendship between the USSR and Czechoslovakia guarantee?

Answer 8

That the Communist Party would have a position of primary importance in the post-war government

Question 9

What did Hungary participate in in 1941?

Answer 9

The invasion of the Soviet Union

Question 10

When did the Red Army enter Hungary?

Answer 10

September 1944

Question 11

What % of the vote did the Communists receive in Hungary in November 1945 and how many key posts did they receive in government?

Answer 11

Won 17% of the vote, 3 key posts in government

Question 12

Why was Soviet influence in Yugoslavia more limited?

Answer 12

They had be liberated largely by communist partisans led by Josef Tito

Question 13

When did Finland leave the Axis powers?

Answer 13

1944

Question 14

When Finland left the Axis powers, what treaty did they accept the provisions of?

Answer 14

The Treaty of Moscow from 1940

Question 15

What did the Treaty of Moscow in 1940 that Finland sign give the Soviet Union?

Answer 15

Large areas of Finnish territory

Question 16

What was legalised in Finland after 1944?

Answer 16

The Communist party

Question 17

What Finnish Prime Minister conducted a foreign policy in line with Soviet interests?

Answer 17

Juho Kusti Paasiviki

Question 18

What did Poland hope to resurrect with help from the Western Allies after the war?

Answer 18

The pre-war Polish Republic

Question 19

What country did Stalin see as the most important country in his buffer zone?

Answer 19

Poland - directly between Germany and the USSR

Question 20

When was a military alliance between Poland and the Soviet Union signed?

Answer 20

August 1941

Question 21

What incident led to the Soviet Union breaking off diplomatic relations with Poland?

Answer 21

The Katyn Forest massacre

Question 22

Why could Churchill and Roosevelt not stop Stalin in Eastern Europe?

Answer 22

They knew they needed the might of the Soviet Union to defeat Germany and Japan

Question 23

When was the Yalta Conference between the 3 wartime leaders?

Answer 23

February 1945

Question 24

What were discussions between the 3 leaders about at the Yalta Conference?

Answer 24

The political future, in particular regarding Poland and Germany

Question 25

What was the agreement on Germany at the Yalta Conference?

Answer 25

Germany would be divided into four zones once they had surrendered - one Eastern zone for the USSR, and the 3 western zones for the Western allies

Question 26

What was agreed at the Yalta Conference in regards to Poland?

Answer 26

That the USSR would annex the Polish territory they had occupied in 1939 and that the Polish border would move west to the Oder-Neisse line (German territory would become Polish)

Question 27

What did Stalin promise at the Yalta Conference would happen in the countries occupied by the Red Army?

Answer 27

Free elections would be held

Question 28

What did Stalin agree to the formation of at the Yalta Conference?

Answer 28

The United Nations

Question 29

How much did Germany have to pay the Soviet Union in reparations to compensate for the 1941 invasion? (agreed at Yalta)

Answer 29

$20 billion over 5 years

Question 30

When did Germany formally surrender to the Allies?

Answer 30

7th May 1945

Question 31

When did the leaders of the Grand Alliance meet in Berlin for the Potsdam Conference?

Answer 31

17th July 1945 - 2nd August 1945

Question 32

What did Truman state to the Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov at their first meeting?

Answer 32

That the Soviets would have to stick to their agreements and relations were no longer ‘a one way street’

Question 33

How did Truman use his economic leverage over the USSR before the Potsdam Conference?

Answer 33

He abruptly halted the Lend-Lease programme on the 11th May 1945, 4 days after German surrender

Question 34

When was the USA’s first successful test of the atomic bomb?

Answer 34

16th July 1945 - one day before the Potsdam Conference

Question 35

What did the West recognise at the Potsdam Conference?

Answer 35

That Eastern Europe would be in the Soviet Union sphere of influence

Question 36

What did the Soviets concede to the West in return for Eastern Europe being under their sphere of influence?

Answer 36

Italy would be in the Western sphere

Question 37

What was established at the Potsdam Conference?

Answer 37

The four zones of occupation of Germany

Question 38

What was agreed at the Potsdam Conference in regards to Nazi war criminals?

Answer 38

They would be brought to trial

Question 39

What was agreed at the Potsdam conference in regards to Poland?

Answer 39

A Polish Government on National Unity was to be established and to hold ‘free and unfettered elections as soon as possible’