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DBE Reviewer > 8. Nervous System > Flashcards

8. Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

2 divisions of the nervous system

A

CNS

PNS

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2
Q

2 major parts of CNS

A

Brain

Spinal cord

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3
Q

2 major divisions of the PNS

A

Sensory

Motor

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4
Q

2 divisions of Motor part of PNS

A

🔹Autonomic

🔹Somatic

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5
Q

Muscles under somatic (voluntary control)

A

Skeletal muscles

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6
Q

Muscles under Autonomic nervous system

A

🔹Smooth and Cardiac muscles

🔹Glands and Visceral organs

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7
Q

2 divisions of the Autonomic nervous system

A

🔹Sympathetic

🔹Parasympathetic

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8
Q

“Fight or Flight”

A

Sympathetic

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9
Q

“Rest and Digest”

A

Parasympathetic

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10
Q

Matter in the OUTER part of BRAIN

A

Gray matter

“OB IS Gray”

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11
Q

Matter in the INNER Brain

A

White matter

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12
Q

Matter in the Outer Spinal cord

A

White matter

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13
Q

Matter in the inner spinal cord

A

Gray matter

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14
Q

Gray matter is made up of

A

Cell bodies

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15
Q

White matter is made up of

A

Myelinated axons

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16
Q

Embryonic structure from which the CEREBRUM develops prenatally

A

Telencephalon (Forebrain)

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17
Q

Largest component of the brain

A

Cerebrum

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18
Q

Part of Cerebrum that controls righ side of the body

A

Left hemisphere

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19
Q

Part of cerebrum that controls left side of the body

A

Right hemisphere

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20
Q

White matter that connects or separates the left and right hemispheres

A

Corpus callosum

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21
Q

Condition when corpus callosum is damaged, left and right hemispheres are separated

A

Split brain

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22
Q

Outer gray matter with gyrus, sulcus and fissures

A

Cerebral cortex

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23
Q

Elevations in the brain

A

Gyrus

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24
Q

Grooves in the brain

A

Sulcus

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25
Q

Deeper grooves in the brain

A

Fissures

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26
Q

4 lobes of the brain

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

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27
Q

Primary MOTOR cortex

- responsible for almost all movements

A

Precentral gyrus (Frontal lobe)

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28
Q

Primary SPEECH area

A

Broca’s area (Frontal lobe)

“Speech = Broadcast = Broca’s”

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29
Q

Primary SENSORY cortex

- responsible for somatic sensations

A

Postcentral gyrus

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30
Q

Speech comprehension

A

Wernicke’s area (Temporal lobe)

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31
Q

Primary VISUAL cortex

A

Occipital lobe

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32
Q

What is damaged when a patient had stroke

A

Precentral gyrus in the Frontal lobe

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33
Q

Emotion center

A

Limbic system

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34
Q

4 divisions of the Limbic system

A

“BASH”

Basal ganglia
Amygdala
Substantia nigra
Hippocampus

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35
Q

Memory center

- converts short term to Long term memory

A

Hippocampus

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36
Q

Almond shape

- responsible for Fear, Anger, Arousal(active)

A

Amygdala

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37
Q

2 parts of limbic system responsible for Voluntary motor movements (inhibitory)

A

Basal ganglia

Substantia nigra

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38
Q

Specific type of neurons that control muscles

A

Motor neurons

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39
Q

Any neuron that releases Ach

A

Cholinergic neuron (excitatory)

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40
Q

Neurons that use Ach as neurotransmitter

A

Excitatory neurons

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41
Q

Neurons that inhibits signals and uses dopamine as neurotansmitter

A

Inhibitory neurons

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42
Q

Neurons that secretes DOPAMINE

A

Dopaminergic neuron (inhibitory)

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43
Q

Inhibitory Neurotransmitter that is increased in number when sleeping = No action potential

A

Dopamine (inhibitory)

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44
Q

Degeneration of the Basal ganglia

A

Huntington’s disease

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45
Q

Degeneration of the Substantia nigra

- wherein excitatory neurons dominate resulting to involuntary muscular contractions

A

Parkinson’s disease

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46
Q

Site of DOPAMINE PRODUCTION in the brain

A

Substancia nigra

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47
Q

Drug of choice for Parkinson’s disease

A

Levodopa

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48
Q

Other drugs that can be used in treating Parkinson’s disease

A

✔️Stimulants
✔️Mao-inhibitors
✔️Anticholinergic drugs
✔️Levodopa(DOC)

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49
Q

Common characteristic feature of Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease which means involuntary muscular movements

A

Dyskinesia

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50
Q

Neurotransmitter that is decreased in patients with Parkinson’s disease

A

⬇️Dopamine

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51
Q

Neurotransmitter that is increased in patients with Parkinson’s disease

A

⬆️Ach (Excitatory neurons)

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52
Q

4 stimulants

A

“DoNES”

Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Serotonin

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53
Q

Enzyme that breaks down DoNES

A

Monoamine oxidase

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54
Q

Mechanism of action of MAO-I

A

Inhibits MAO = ⬇️MAO
⬆️Dopamine
⬇️Dyskinesia

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55
Q

Dopamine
Motor:
Mood:

A

Dopamine
Motor: inhibitory
Mood: excitatory

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56
Q

Excitatory MOOD neurotransmitters

A

“DoNES”

Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Serotonin

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57
Q

Most common INHIBITORY MOOD Neurotransmitter

A

Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)

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58
Q

Hyperactive neurotransmitter that is elevated

A

⬆️Dopamine (Depleted by MAO)

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59
Q

Condition assoc with ⬆️Dopamine; cant differentiate reality; split mind

A

Schizophrenia

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60
Q

Drug of choice for Schizophrenia to decrease level of dopamine

A

Antipsychotic drugs

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61
Q

Irreversible;
Involuntary muscle contractions in px with Schizophrenia; Side effect of antipsychotic drugs (⬇️Dopamine: Motor/inhibitory)

A

Tardive dyskinesia

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62
Q

Relay center of the brain

A

Thalamus

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63
Q

3 parts of Diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

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64
Q

Communicates with the Pituitary gland.

Regulates hormones = Body homeostasis

A

Hypothalamus

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65
Q

Produces melatonin during night time

A

Pineal gland

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66
Q

Hormone that regulates sleep wake cycle

A

Melatonin

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67
Q

Other term for sleep wake cycle or 24 hr body clock

A

Circadian rhythm

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68
Q

True or False.

Melatonin increases with age

A

False.

Melatonin decreases with age

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69
Q

Hormone for sleep

A

Melatonin

If wala sa choices = Serotonin

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70
Q

Sleep: function
Melatonin -
Serotonin -

A

Sleep: function
Melatonin - inhibitory
Serotonin - excitatory

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71
Q

Day time ☀️
Serotonin level:
Melatonin level:

A

Day time ☀️
Serotonin level: ⬆️
Melatonin level: ⬇️

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72
Q

Night time 🌙✨
Serotonin level:
Melatonin level:

A

Night time 🌙✨
Serotonin level: ⬇️ (converted by pineal gland)
Melatonin level: ⬇️

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73
Q

Major Vasoactive amines

A

Serotonin

Histamine

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74
Q

Vasoactive amines (Opp function)
Serotonin:
Histamine:

A

Vasoactive amines (Opp function)
Serotonin: vasoCONSTRICTION
Histamine: vasoDILATION

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75
Q

Embryonic structure from which the Midbrain develops prenatally

A

Mesencephalon

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76
Q

What structures form the brain stem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

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77
Q

Cells that secrete HISTAMINE (4)

A

“BEMP”

Basophil
Eosinophil
Mast cells
Platelets

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78
Q

Part of Metencephalon responsible for MOTOR movements (excitatory) and BALANCE

A

Cerebellum

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79
Q

Part of brain affected when drunk

A

Cerebellum (balance)

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80
Q

Fluid in the inner ear responsible for BALANCE

A

Semicircular fluid

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81
Q

“Respiratory center”

- sends signals to Medulla Oblongata to deflate lungs (Herring-Breuer reflex)

A

Pons Varolii

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82
Q

2 parts of Metencephalon

A

Cerebellum

Pons

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83
Q

Embryonic structure from which the Medulla Oblongata develops prenatally

A

Myelencephalon

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84
Q

Medulla oblongata - major regulatory center for:

A

MEDULLA “Medal.. Dila..”

Nakatapat sa chest yung Medal:

  • Heart rate
  • Breathing rate

Gamit Dila:

  • vomitig
  • coughing
  • swallowing
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85
Q

Chemoreceptors in the CNS specifically in the Medulla Oblongata that detects chemicals (Blood pH, H, CO2, and O2 changes)

A

Central chemoreceptors

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86
Q

Central chemoreceptors in the Medulla Oblongata that detects chemical changes are sensitive to: (4)

A

Acidic pH
High Hydrogen
Hypercapnia (⬆️CO2)
Hypoxia

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87
Q

Central chemoreceptors are most sensitive to

A

Hypercapnia = ⬆️CO2

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88
Q

Muscle for DEEP INHALATION

A

External intercostalis muscle

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89
Q

Most important muscle for respiration

A

Diaphragm

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90
Q

Shape of diaphragm

A

Dome shape

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91
Q

What innervates the Diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve

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92
Q

When central chemoreceptors are stimulated, it activates:

A

Sympathetic effects:

  • increase heart rate
  • hyperventilation

Increase excretion of Hydrogen in the kidneys (urine = ⬆️H, ⬇️pH = acidic)

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93
Q

Reflex that prevents overinflation of the lungs; controlled by Pons-MO-Lungs

A

Herring-Breuer reflex

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94
Q

Where are the central chemoreceptors found

A

Medulla Oblngata

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95
Q

Where are the Peripheral Chemoreceptors found

A

Carotid body

Aortic body

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96
Q

Receptors in the CNS that detects Pressure (blood pressure/pag sinakal)

A

Baroreceptors

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97
Q

Where are Barorecceptors found

A

“CSB”

“Carotid Sinus Baroreceptors”
and
Aortic sinus

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98
Q

Baroreceptors:

Stimulus - HIGH BP Effects: (3)

A 
Baroreceptors:
Stimulus - High BP Effects:
- decrease heart rate 
- decrease force of contraction
- peripheral vasodilation
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99
Q

Baroreceptors:

Stimulus - LOW BP Effects: (3)

A 
Baroreceptors:
Stimulus - LOW BP Effects:
- increase heart rate
- increase force of contraction
- Peripheral vasoconstriction (⬆️ P. Resistance, ⬇️compliance)
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100
Q

Group of neuronal cell bodies inside the CNS

A

Nucleus

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101
Q

Bundle of Axons in the CNS

A

Tract

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102
Q

Shape of Gray matter

A

Butterfly or H shape

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103
Q

Gray matter of Spinal cord

A

Inner part of Spinal cord

OB IS Gray

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104
Q

Part of spinal cord that is responsible for passage of Motor neurons

A

Ventral (Anterior) Rami of spinat cord

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105
Q

Part of spinal cord for passage of sensory neurons

A

Dorsal (posterior) rami of spinal cord

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106
Q

Dorsal or posterior rami of spinal cord extends from

A

Medulla oblongata to L2 vertebra

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107
Q

Spinal cord terminates at what vertebra

A

L2

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108
Q

What is the Cone shape termination of spinal cord

A

Conus terminalis

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109
Q

Horsetail-like extensions of the spinal nerves below its termnal end

A

Cauda equina

Tail - horse equinox

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110
Q

Spinal tap is done in what vertebra

A

L3

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111
Q

Mneumonic for rami of spinal cord and function

A

“SPAM”

Sensory
Posterior

Anterior
Motor

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112
Q

Muscles of mastication

A

T.I.M.E.

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113
Q

2 tracts in the spinal cord

A

Corticospinal tract

Spinothalamic tract

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114
Q

Bundle of axons from spinal cord to cortex

A

Corticospinal tract

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115
Q

Bundle of axons from spinal cord to thalamus

A

Spinothalamic tract

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116
Q

Other name of corticospinal tract

A

Pyrimidal tract

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117
Q

Function of corticospinal tract

A

For motor

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118
Q

Function of spinothalamic tract

A

For sensory

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119
Q

Group of neuronal cell bodies outside the CNS

A

Ganglia or Ganglion

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120
Q

Group of neuronal cell bodies inside the CNS

A

Nucleus

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121
Q

Bundle of axons in PNS

A

Nerves

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122
Q

Bundle of axons in CNS

A

Tract

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123
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves

A

12 pairs (24)

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124
Q

How many pairs of spinal cord

A

31 pairs (62)

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125
Q

Network of nerves

A

Plexuses

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126
Q

2 divisions of the Autonomic nervous system

A

🔹Parasympa

🔹Sympa

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127
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system is regulated mainly by

A

Acetylcholine

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128
Q

Rest and digest

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

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129
Q

Maintains homeostasis

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

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130
Q

Synonymous drugs that enhances the Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Cholinergic
Cholinomimetic

Parasympathomimetic
Anti-sympathetic
Anti-adrenergic

Sympatholytic
Anti-acetylcholinesterase or Anticholinesterase

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131
Q

Division of the Autonomic nervous system regulated mainly by norepinephrine

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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132
Q

Fight or flight

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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133
Q

Sympathetic nervous system is activated by what situations

A

Stress and emergency situations

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134
Q

Synonymous drugs that enhances the sympathetic nervous system

A 
Adrenergic
Adrenomimetic
Sympathomimetic
Anti-parasympathetic
Anti-cholinergic
Parasympatholytic
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135
Q

Regulates amount of light

A

Eye pupil

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136
Q

Eye pupil
Symp:
Parasympa:

A

Eye pupil
Symp: pupilary dilation (MYDRIASIS)
Parasymp: constriction (MIOSIS)

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137
Q

During parasympathetic = ______ fluid secretion

A

Increase fluid secretion during parasympathetic

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138
Q

Pupillary dilation

A

Mydriasis

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139
Q

Pupillary constriction

A

Miosis

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140
Q

Lacrimal glands/Salivary glands/Nasal mucosa
Symp:
Parasymp:

A

Lacrimal glands/Salivary glands/Nasal mucosa
Symp: ⬇️tears/saliva/mucus
parasymp: ⬆️tears/saliva/mucus

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141
Q

Sympathetic:
Lungs -
Arteries -

A

Sympathetic:
Lungs - BronchoDILATION
Arteries - vasoCONSTRICTION

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142
Q

Parasympathetic:
Lungs -
Arteries -

A

Parasympathetic:
Lungs - BronchoCONSTRICTION
Arteries - VasoDILATION

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143
Q

LUNGS
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

LUNGS
Sympa: bronchodilation
Parasympa: bronchoconstriction

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144
Q

ARTERIES
Sympa:
Parasymp:

A

ARTERIES
Sympa: Vasoconstriction
Parasymp: vasodilation

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145
Q

Chronotropic

A

Heart rate

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146
Q

Inotropic

A

Force of contraction

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147
Q

HEART
Sympa:
Parasymp:

A

HEART
Sympa: ⬆️chronotropic and inotropic
Parasymp: ⬇️heart rate and force of contraction

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148
Q

Other name for Adrenal glands

A

Suprarenal glands

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149
Q

Location of Adrenal glands

A

Superior portion of kidney

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150
Q

Cells of the adrenal medulla that secretes catecholamines

A

Chromaffin cells

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151
Q

Catecholamines secreted by the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla

A

Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine

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152
Q

ADRENAL GLANDS (chromaffin cells)
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A 
ADRENAL GLANDS (chromaffin cells)
Sympa: secretes dopamine, nrepinephrine, epinephrine
Parasympa: inhibits dopa, norepi, epi
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153
Q

GIT
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

GIT
Sympa: decrease motility
Parasympa: increase motility (rest and digest)

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154
Q

STOMACH
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

STOMACH
Sympa: decrease HCl secretion
Parasympa: increase HCl secretion

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155
Q

LIVER and SKELETAL MUSCLE
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

LIVER and SKELETAL MUSCLE
Sympa: ⬆️Glycogenolysis (glucagon)
Parasympa: ⬆️Glycogenesis (insulin)

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156
Q

PANCREAS
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

PANCREAS
Sympa: GLUCAGON production
Parasympa: INSULIN production

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157
Q

KIDNEY
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

KIDNEY
Sympa: ⬇️urine output
Parasympa: ⬆️urine output

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158
Q

BLADDER
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

BLADDER
Sympa: contraction of sphincter
Parasympa: relaxation of sphincter

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159
Q

SWEAT GLANDS
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

SWEAT GLANDS
Sympa: ⬆️sweating
parasympa: doesn’t affect! (exception to fluids)

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160
Q

GENITALS
Sympa:
Parasympa:

A

GENITALS
Sympa: ejaculation and vaginal contractions
Parasympa: erection of genitals

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161
Q

Neuron before a ganglion

A

Preganglionic neuron

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162
Q

Preganglionic neurons of Symp and Parasymp are also

A

Cholinergic neurons (Ach)

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163
Q

Preganglionic neurons secretes what neurotransmitter

A

Acetylcholine

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164
Q

Group of cell bodies in PNS

A

Ganglia or Ganglion

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165
Q

Type of receptors found in Post ganglionic neurons of Sympa and Parasympa

A

Nicotinic receptors

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166
Q

Post ganglionic neuron of PARASYMPATHETIC

A

Cholinergic neuron

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167
Q

Receptors found in ALL effector organs of PARASYMPATHETIC

A

Muscarinic receptors

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168
Q

2 possible receptors for Ach

A

Nicotinic

Muscarinic

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169
Q

Where are nicotinic receptors located? (3)

A

Nicotinic receptors:
✔️All postganglionic neurons of Symp and Parasymp
✔️Skeletal muscles
✔️Chromaffin cells

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170
Q

Preganglionic neuron that has no ganglion (exception)

A

Preganglionic neuron of adrenal glands

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171
Q

Where are muscarinic receptors found? (2)

A

All effector organsa of parasympathetic sweat glands

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172
Q

Type of receptor found on all effector organs of SYMPATHETIC

A

Adrenergic receptor

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173
Q

Neurotransmitter that regulates parasympathetic nervous system

A

Acetylcholine

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174
Q

Neurotransmitter that regulates sympathetic nervous system

A

Norepinephrine

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175
Q

Postganglionic neuron os sympathetic secretes what neurotransmitter

A

Norepinephrine

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176
Q

Neurons that releases norepinephrine are aka

A

Adrenergic neuron

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177
Q

Adrenergic neuron of sympathetic

A

Postganglionic neuron

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178
Q

Sweat glands is sympathetic (exception)

Postganglionic neuron is a

A

Cholinergic neuron (Ach)

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179
Q

Receptor found in sweat glands (sympa but exception)

A

Muscarinic receptor

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180
Q

Receptors found in chromaffin cells

A

Nicotinic receptors

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181
Q

Send signals to urinary bladder kaya naiihi ka pag kinakabahan

A

Pontine nucleus

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182
Q

Receptors for odor

A

Olfactory receptors

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183
Q

Part of nasal cavity where olfactory receptors are located

A

Superior meatus or SUPERIOR and POSTERIOR

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184
Q

Foramen of exit of CN 1 - Olfactory nerve

A

Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

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185
Q

Mneumonic for CN and Function

A

OOO TTA FVG VAH

Some say marry money but my brother says big boobs matter most

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186
Q

CN for sense of smell

A

CN 1 Olfactory n.

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187
Q

Foramen of exit of CN 2 - Optic nerve

A

Optic canal

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188
Q

2 structures that exits at the optic canal

A 
Optic nerve 
Opthalmic artery (from internal carotid artery)
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189
Q

CN for sense of sight

A

CN 2 - Optic n.

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190
Q

Photreceptors of the eye

A

Cones and Rods

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191
Q

Concentration of photoreceptors of the eye in relation to fovea centralis
Cones:
Rods:

A

⬆️Cones: closer to fovea centralis

Rods: concentrated farther to fovea centralis

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192
Q

Photoreceptor that detects colors

A

Cones

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193
Q

Photopogment of cones

A

Opsin

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194
Q

Less sensitive to light (needs more light to function)

High visual acquity

A

Cones

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195
Q

Concentrated in the fovea centralis of the Macula lutea

A

Cones

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196
Q

Contains greatest amount of cones

A

Fovea centralis

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197
Q

Yellowish area near the center of the retina that contains fovea centralis

A

Macula lutea

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198
Q

Photoreceptors that detects black to gray: for night vision

A

Rods

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199
Q

Photopigment of rods

A

Rhodopsin

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200
Q

Very sensitive to light and visual acquity

A

Rods

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201
Q

Concentrated away from the fovea centralis (in the periphery of the retina)

A

Rods

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202
Q

Basic part of the eye that concentrates light to the retina

A

Lens

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203
Q

Transparent portion infront of the eye

A

Cornea

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204
Q

Where image is formed

A

Retina

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205
Q

Gives color to the eyes

A

Iris

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206
Q

White portion of the eye

A

Sclera

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207
Q

Disease assoc with blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

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208
Q

Dilates (mydriasis) and constricts (miosis)

A

Pupil

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209
Q

Fluid on the AAAnterior part of the eye

A

Aqueous humor

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210
Q

Fluid on the posterior part of the eye

A

Vitreous humor

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211
Q

“Blind spot”

  • where no cones or rods present
  • point in retina where OPTIC NERVE enters towards the eye
A

Optic disc

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212
Q

What is OD

A

Oculus dexter - right eye

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213
Q

OS

A

Oculus sinister - left eye

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214
Q

OU

A

Oculus uterque - both eyes

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215
Q

AS

A

Auris sinister - left ear

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216
Q

AD

A

Auris dexter - right ear

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217
Q

AU

A

Auris uterque - both ears

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218
Q

Other terms for far sightedness

A

🔹Hyperopia

🔹Hypermetropia

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219
Q

Other term for near sightedness

A

Myopia

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220
Q

Underdeveloped VISUAL CORTEX; cannot be corrected by wearing glasses

A

Amblyopia aka Lazy eye

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221
Q

Tx for amblyopia/lazy eye

A

Eye patch in good eye

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222
Q

Foramen of exit of CN 3 - Oculomotor

A

Superior Orbital fissure

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223
Q

Cranial nerves that exits in the SOF

A

3/4/V1/6

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224
Q

Innervates most extrinsic muscles of the eye

A

Oculomotor nerve CN 3

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225
Q

Parasympathetic of the pupil and lacrimal glands (⬆️secretion)

A

Oculomotor nerve

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226
Q

Mneumonic for innervations of extrinsic muscles of the eye

A

SO4 LR6 R3

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227
Q

Foramen of exit of CN 4 - Trochlear nerve

A

SOF

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228
Q

Innervates superior oblique muscle

A

Trochlear nerve

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229
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve

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230
Q

Smallest cranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve

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231
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the head and neck

A

Trigeminal nerve

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232
Q

3 division of trigeminal nerve - CN 5

A

Vi - Opthalmic
V2 - Maxillary
V3 - Mandibular

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233
Q

Innervates tip of nose

A

CN V1

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234
Q

Foramen of exit of V1

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

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235
Q

Foramen of exit of V2

A

Foramen Rotundum

“Ro2ndum”

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236
Q

Nerve of Scarpa

A

Nasopalatine nerve

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237
Q

In nasopalatine nerve block, what sides are blocked

A

Both sides

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238
Q

Nasopalatine nerve exits in the

A

Incisive foramen

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239
Q

Nasopalatine nerve innervates

A

✔️Palate from canine to canine

✔️Anterior 1/3 of hard palate (premaxilla)

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240
Q

Other name for greater palatine nerve

A

Anterior palatine nerve

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241
Q

Greater palatine nerve exits in

A

Greater palatine foramen

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242
Q

Greater palatine nerve innervates

A

Post 2/3 of hard palate

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243
Q

Side blocked in GPNB

A

Post 2/3 of the hard palate -on the side of injection

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244
Q

Posterior palatine nerve aka

A

Lesser palatine nerve

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245
Q

Exit of lesser or posterior palatine nerve

A

Lesser palatine foramen

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246
Q

What nerve innervates the soft palate

A

Lesser palatine nerve

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247
Q

Innervates Mx 2nd and 3rd molars and Distobuccal and Palatal roots of Mx 1st molar

A

PSAN

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248
Q

Most common complication assoc with PSANB

A

Hematoma

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249
Q

MSAN innervates

A

✔️Mx PM1 and PM2

✔️Mesiobuccal root of Mx 1st molar

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250
Q

Ganglion in MSAN + ASAN

A

Bochdalek’s ganglion

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251
Q

Ganglion: MSAN + PSAN

A

Valentine’s ganglion

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252
Q

Innervates mx canine and incisors

A

ASAN

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253
Q

Exit of infraorbital nerve

A

Infraorbital foramen

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254
Q

Innervates lower eyelid, upper lip, nasal vestibule, ASAN

A

Infraorbital nerve

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255
Q

Most common complication assoc with infraorbital nerve block

A

Ecchymosis

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256
Q

Reference point for infraorbital nerve block

A

1st PM or Distal of canine

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257
Q

Foramen of exit of V3

A

Foramen Ovale

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258
Q

Branch of Trigeminal nerve that is for both motor and sensory

A

V3

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259
Q

Motor branch of V3 that innervates the Temporalis

A

Deep temporal branch

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260
Q

Motor branch of V3 that innervates the internal pterygoid muscle

A

Medial pterygoid nerve

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261
Q

Motor branch of V3 that innervates the Masseter

A

Masseteric nerve

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262
Q

Motor branch of V3 that innervates the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Lateral pterygoid nerve

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263
Q

Attached to MALLEUS; Regulates loudness of sound

A

Tensor tympani

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264
Q

What innervates the tensor tympani

A

V3

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265
Q

Exception to pharyngeal plexus; innervated by V3

A

Tensor veli palatini

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266
Q

Muscle in the floor of the mouth; difficulty in xray

A

Mylohyoid

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267
Q

Major muscle for mouth opening

A

Ant belly of digastric

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268
Q

Innervation of ant belly of digastric m.

A

V3

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269
Q

Innervation of Post belly of digastric m.

A

CN 7

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270
Q

Innervates buccal muccosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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271
Q

Innervates anterior 2/3 of the tongue (general rule)

A

Lingual nerve

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272
Q

Innervates ant 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Facial nerve - chorda tympani

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273
Q

Innervates post 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

Glossopharyngeal

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274
Q

Innervates base of tongue (gen and taste)

A

Vagus nerve

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275
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

Mental nerve

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276
Q

Innervates buccal and labial mucosa of pm and ant, chin, lower lip

A

Mental nerve

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277
Q

Branch of IAN that innervates anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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278
Q

Innervates the TMJ and SCALP in temporal region

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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279
Q

After administration of Mandiblock, px had bells palsy or facial paralysis, what is the possible cause

A

Wrong technique

Must be contralateral side

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280
Q

Complication that can arise when you DID NOT ASPIRATE; anesth accumulates in the bloodstream

A

Toxicity

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281
Q

Initial sign of anesth toxicity

A

Anxiety

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282
Q

Management of syncope

A

Trendelenburg position

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283
Q

Caused by multiple needle insertions usually in the medial pterygoid muscle

A

Trismus (med pterygoid-spasm-limited mouth opening)

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284
Q

Nervous system outside the CNS

A

PNS

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285
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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286
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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287
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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288
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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289
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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290
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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291
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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292
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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293
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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294
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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295
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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296
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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297
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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298
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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299
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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300
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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301
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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302
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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303
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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304
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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305
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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306
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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307
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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308
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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309
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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310
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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311
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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312
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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313
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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314
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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315
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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316
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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317
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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318
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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319
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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320
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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321
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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322
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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323
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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324
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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325
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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326
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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327
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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328
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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329
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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330
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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331
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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332
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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333
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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334
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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335
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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336
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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337
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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338
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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339
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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340
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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341
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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342
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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343
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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344
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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345
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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346
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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347
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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348
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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349
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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350
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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351
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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352
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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353
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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354
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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355
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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356
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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357
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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358
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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359
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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360
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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361
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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362
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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363
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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364
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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365
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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366
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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367
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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368
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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369
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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370
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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371
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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372
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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373
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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374
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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375
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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376
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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377
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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378
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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379
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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380
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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381
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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382
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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383
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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384
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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385
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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386
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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387
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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388
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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389
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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390
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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391
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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392
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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393
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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394
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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395
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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396
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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397
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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398
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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399
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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400
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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401
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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402
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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403
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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404
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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405
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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406
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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407
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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408
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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409
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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410
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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411
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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412
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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413
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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414
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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415
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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416
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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417
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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418
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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419
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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420
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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421
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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422
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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423
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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424
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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425
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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426
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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427
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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428
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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429
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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430
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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431
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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432
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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433
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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434
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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435
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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436
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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437
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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438
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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439
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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440
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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441
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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442
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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443
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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444
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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445
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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446
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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447
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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448
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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449
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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450
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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451
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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452
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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453
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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454
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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455
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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456
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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457
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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458
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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459
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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460
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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461
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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462
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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463
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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464
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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465
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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466
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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467
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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468
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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469
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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470
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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471
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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472
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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473
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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474
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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475
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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476
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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477
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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478
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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479
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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480
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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481
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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482
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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483
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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484
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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485
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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486
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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487
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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488
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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489
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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490
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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491
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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492
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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493
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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494
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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495
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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496
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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497
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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498
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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499
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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500
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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501
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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502
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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503
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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504
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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505
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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506
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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507
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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508
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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509
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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510
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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511
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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512
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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513
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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514
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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515
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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516
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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517
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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518
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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519
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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520
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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521
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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522
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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523
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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524
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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525
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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526
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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527
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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528
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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529
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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530
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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531
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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532
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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533
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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534
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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535
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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536
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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537
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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538
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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539
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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540
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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541
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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542
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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543
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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544
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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545
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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546
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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547
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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548
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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549
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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550
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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551
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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552
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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553
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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554
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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555
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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556
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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557
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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558
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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559
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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560
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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561
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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562
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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563
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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564
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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565
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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566
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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567
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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568
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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569
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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570
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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571
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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572
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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573
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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574
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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575
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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576
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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577
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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578
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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579
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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580
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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581
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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582
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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583
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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584
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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585
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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586
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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587
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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588
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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589
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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590
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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591
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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592
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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593
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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594
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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595
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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596
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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597
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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598
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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599
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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600
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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601
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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602
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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603
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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604
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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605
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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606
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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607
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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608
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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609
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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610
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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611
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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612
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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613
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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614
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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615
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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616
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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617
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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618
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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619
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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620
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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621
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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622
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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623
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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624
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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625
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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626
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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627
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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628
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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629
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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630
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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631
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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632
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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633
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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634
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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635
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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636
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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637
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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638
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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639
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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640
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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641
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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642
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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643
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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644
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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645
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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646
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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647
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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648
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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649
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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650
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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651
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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652
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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653
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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654
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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655
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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656
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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657
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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658
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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659
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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660
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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661
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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662
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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663
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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664
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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665
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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666
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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667
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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668
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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669
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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670
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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671
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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672
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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673
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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674
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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675
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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676
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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677
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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678
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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679
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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680
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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681
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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682
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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683
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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684
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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685
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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686
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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687
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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688
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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689
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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690
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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691
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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692
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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693
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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694
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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695
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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696
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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697
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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698
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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699
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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700
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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701
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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702
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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703
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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704
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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705
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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706
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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707
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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708
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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709
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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710
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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711
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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712
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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713
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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714
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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715
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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716
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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717
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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718
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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719
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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720
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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721
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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722
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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723
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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724
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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725
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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726
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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727
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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728
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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729
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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730
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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731
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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732
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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733
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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734
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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735
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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736
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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737
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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738
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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739
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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740
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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741
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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742
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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743
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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744
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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745
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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746
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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747
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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748
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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749
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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750
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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751
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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752
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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753
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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754
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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755
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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756
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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757
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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758
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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759
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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760
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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761
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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762
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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763
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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764
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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765
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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766
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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767
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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768
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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769
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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770
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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771
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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772
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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773
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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774
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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775
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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776
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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777
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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778
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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779
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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780
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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781
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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782
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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783
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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784
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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785
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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786
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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787
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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788
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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789
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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790
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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791
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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792
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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793
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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794
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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795
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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796
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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797
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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798
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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799
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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800
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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801
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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802
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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803
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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804
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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805
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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806
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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807
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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808
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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809
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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810
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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811
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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812
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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813
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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814
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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815
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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816
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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817
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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818
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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819
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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820
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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821
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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822
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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823
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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824
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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825
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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826
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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827
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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828
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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829
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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830
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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831
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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832
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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833
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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834
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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835
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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836
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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837
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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838
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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839
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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840
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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841
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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842
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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843
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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844
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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845
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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846
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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847
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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848
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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849
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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850
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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851
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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852
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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853
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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854
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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855
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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856
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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857
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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858
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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859
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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860
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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861
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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862
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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863
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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864
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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865
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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866
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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867
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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868
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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869
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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870
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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871
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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872
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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873
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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874
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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875
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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876
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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877
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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878
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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879
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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880
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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881
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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882
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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883
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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884
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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885
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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886
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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887
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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888
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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889
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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890
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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891
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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892
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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893
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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894
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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895
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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896
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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897
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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898
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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899
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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900
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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901
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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902
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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903
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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904
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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905
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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906
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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907
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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908
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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909
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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910
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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911
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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912
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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913
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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914
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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915
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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916
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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917
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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918
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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919
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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920
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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921
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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922
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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923
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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924
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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925
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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926
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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927
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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928
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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929
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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930
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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931
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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932
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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933
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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934
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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935
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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936
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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937
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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938
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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939
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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940
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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941
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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942
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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943
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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944
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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945
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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946
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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947
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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948
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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949
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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950
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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951
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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952
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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953
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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954
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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955
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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956
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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957
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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958
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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959
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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960
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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961
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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962
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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963
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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964
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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965
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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966
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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967
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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968
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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969
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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970
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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971
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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972
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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973
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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974
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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975
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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976
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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977
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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978
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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979
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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980
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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981
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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982
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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983
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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984
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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985
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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986
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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987
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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988
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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989
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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990
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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991
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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992
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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993
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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994
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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995
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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996
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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997
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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998
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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999
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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1000
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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1001
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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1002
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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1003
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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1004
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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1005
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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1006
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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1007
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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1008
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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1009
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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1010
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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1011
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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1012
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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1013
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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1014
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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1015
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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1016
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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1017
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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1018
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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1019
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1020
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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1021
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1022
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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1023
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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1024
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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1025
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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1026
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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1027
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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1028
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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1029
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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1030
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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1031
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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1032
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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1033
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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1034
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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1035
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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1036
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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1037
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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1038
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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1039
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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1040
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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1041
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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1042
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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1043
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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1044
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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1045
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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1046
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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1047
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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1048
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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1049
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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1050
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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1051
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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1052
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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1053
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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1054
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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1055
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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1056
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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1057
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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1058
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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1059
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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1060
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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1061
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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1062
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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1063
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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1064
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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1065
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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1066
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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1067
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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1068
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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1069
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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1070
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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1071
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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1072
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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1073
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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1074
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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1075
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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1076
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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1077
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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1078
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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1079
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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1080
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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1081
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1082
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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1083
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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1084
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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1085
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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1086
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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1087
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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1088
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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1089
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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1090
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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1091
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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1092
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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1093
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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1094
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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1095
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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1096
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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1097
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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1098
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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1099
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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1100
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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1101
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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1102
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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1103
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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1104
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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1105
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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1106
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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1107
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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1108
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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1109
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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1110
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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1111
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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1112
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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1113
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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1114
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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1115
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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1116
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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1117
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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1118
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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1119
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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1120
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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1121
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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1122
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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1123
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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1124
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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1125
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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1126
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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1127
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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1128
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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1129
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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1130
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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1131
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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1132
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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1133
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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1134
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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1135
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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1136
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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1137
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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1138
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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1139
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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1140
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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1141
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1142
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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1143
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1144
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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1145
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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1146
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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1147
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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1148
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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1149
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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1150
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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1151
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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1152
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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1153
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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1154
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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1155
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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1156
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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1157
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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1158
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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1159
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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1160
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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1161
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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1162
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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1163
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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1164
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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1165
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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1166
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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1167
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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1168
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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1169
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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1170
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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1171
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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1172
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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1173
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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1174
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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1175
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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1176
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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1177
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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1178
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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1179
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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1180
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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1181
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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1182
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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1183
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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1184
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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1185
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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1186
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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1187
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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1188
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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1189
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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1190
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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1191
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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1192
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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1193
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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1194
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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1195
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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1196
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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1197
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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1198
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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1199
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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1200
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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1201
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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1202
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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1203
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1204
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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1205
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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1206
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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1207
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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1208
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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1209
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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1210
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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1211
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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1212
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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1213
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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1214
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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1215
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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1216
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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1217
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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1218
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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1219
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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1220
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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1221
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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1222
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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1223
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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1224
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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1225
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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1226
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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1227
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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1228
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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1229
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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1230
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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1231
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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1232
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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1233
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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1234
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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1235
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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1236
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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1237
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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1238
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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1239
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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1240
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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1241
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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1242
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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1243
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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1244
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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1245
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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1246
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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1247
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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1248
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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1249
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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1250
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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1251
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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1252
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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1253
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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1254
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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1255
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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1256
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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1257
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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1258
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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1259
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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1260
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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1261
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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1262
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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1263
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1264
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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1265
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1266
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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1267
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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1268
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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1269
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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1270
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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1271
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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1272
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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1273
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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1274
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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1275
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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1276
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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1277
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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1278
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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1279
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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1280
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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1281
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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1282
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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1283
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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1284
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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1285
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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1286
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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1287
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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1288
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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1289
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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1290
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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1291
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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1292
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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1293
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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1294
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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1295
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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1296
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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1297
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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1298
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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1299
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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1300
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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1301
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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1302
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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1303
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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1304
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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1305
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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1306
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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1307
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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1308
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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1309
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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1310
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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1311
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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1312
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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1313
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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1314
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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1315
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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1316
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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1317
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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1318
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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1319
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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1320
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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1321
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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1322
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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1323
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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1324
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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1325
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1326
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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1327
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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1328
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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1329
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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1330
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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1331
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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1332
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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1333
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

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1334
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

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1335
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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1336
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

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1337
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

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1338
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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1339
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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1340
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

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1341
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

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1342
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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1343
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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1344
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

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1345
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

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1346
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

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1347
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

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1348
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

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1349
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

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1350
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

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1351
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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1352
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

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1353
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

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1354
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

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1355
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

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1356
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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1357
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

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1358
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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1359
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

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1360
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
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1361
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

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1362
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

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1363
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

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1364
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

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1365
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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1366
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

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1367
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

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1368
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

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1369
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

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1370
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

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1371
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

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1372
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

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1373
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

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1374
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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1375
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

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1376
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

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1377
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

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1378
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

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1379
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

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1380
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

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1381
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

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1382
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

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1383
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

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1384
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

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1385
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1386
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

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1387
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1388
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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1389
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

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1390
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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1391
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

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1392
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

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1393
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

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1394
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

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1395
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

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1396
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

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1397
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

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1398
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

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1399
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

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1400
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

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1401
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

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1402
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

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1403
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

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1404
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

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1405
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

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1406
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

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1407
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

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1408
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

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1409
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

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1410
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

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1411
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

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1412
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

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1413
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

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1414
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

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1415
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

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1416
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

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1417
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

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1418
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

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1419
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

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1420
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

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1421
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

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1422
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

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1423
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

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1424
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

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1425
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

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1426
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

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1427
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

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1428
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

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1429
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

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1430
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

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1431
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

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1432
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

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1433
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

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1434
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

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1435
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

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1436
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

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1437
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

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1438
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

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1439
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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1440
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

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1441
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

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1442
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

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1443
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

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1444
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

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1445
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

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1446
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

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1447
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

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1448
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

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1449
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

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1450
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

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1451
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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1452
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

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1453
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

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1454
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

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1455
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

1456
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

1457
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

1458
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

1459
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

1460
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
1461
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1462
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

1463
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

1464
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

1465
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

1466
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

1467
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

1468
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

1469
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

1470
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

1471
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

1472
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

1473
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1474
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

1475
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

1476
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

1477
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

1478
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1479
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

1480
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1481
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1482
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
1483
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

1484
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

1485
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

1486
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

1487
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

1488
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

1489
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

1490
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

1491
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

1492
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

1493
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

1494
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

1495
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

1496
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

1497
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

1498
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

1499
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

1500
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

1501
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

1502
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

1503
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

1504
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

1505
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

1506
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

1507
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1508
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

1509
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1510
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1511
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

1512
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

1513
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

1514
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

1515
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

1516
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

1517
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

1518
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

1519
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

1520
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

1521
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

1522
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

1523
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

1524
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

1525
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

1526
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

1527
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

1528
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

1529
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

1530
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

1531
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

1532
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

1533
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

1534
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

1535
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

1536
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

1537
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

1538
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

1539
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

1540
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

1541
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

1542
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

1543
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

1544
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

1545
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

1546
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

1547
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

1548
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

1549
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

1550
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

1551
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

1552
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

1553
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

1554
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

1555
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

1556
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

1557
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

1558
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

1559
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

1560
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

1561
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

1562
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

1563
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

1564
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

1565
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

1566
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

1567
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

1568
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

1569
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1570
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

1571
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

1572
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

1573
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

1574
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

1575
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

1576
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

1577
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

1578
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

1579
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

1580
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

1581
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

1582
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
1583
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1584
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

1585
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

1586
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

1587
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

1588
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

1589
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

1590
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

1591
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

1592
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

1593
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

1594
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

1595
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1596
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

1597
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

1598
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

1599
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

1600
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1601
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

1602
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1603
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1604
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
1605
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

1606
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

1607
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

1608
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

1609
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

1610
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

1611
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

1612
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

1613
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

1614
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

1615
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

1616
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

1617
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

1618
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

1619
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

1620
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

1621
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

1622
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

1623
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

1624
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

1625
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

1626
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

1627
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

1628
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

1629
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1630
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

1631
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1632
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1633
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

1634
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

1635
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

1636
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

1637
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

1638
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

1639
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

1640
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

1641
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

1642
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

1643
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

1644
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

1645
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

1646
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

1647
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

1648
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

1649
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

1650
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

1651
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

1652
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

1653
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

1654
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

1655
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

1656
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

1657
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

1658
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

1659
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

1660
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

1661
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

1662
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

1663
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

1664
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

1665
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

1666
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

1667
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

1668
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

1669
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

1670
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

1671
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

1672
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

1673
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

1674
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

1675
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

1676
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

1677
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

1678
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

1679
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

1680
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

1681
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

1682
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

1683
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

1684
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

1685
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

1686
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

1687
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

1688
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

1689
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

1690
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

1691
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1692
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

1693
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

1694
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

1695
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

1696
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

1697
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

1698
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

1699
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

1700
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

1701
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

1702
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

1703
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

1704
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
1705
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1706
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

1707
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

1708
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

1709
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

1710
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

1711
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

1712
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

1713
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

1714
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

1715
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

1716
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

1717
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1718
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

1719
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

1720
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

1721
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

1722
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1723
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

1724
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1725
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1726
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
1727
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

1728
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

1729
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

1730
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

1731
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

1732
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

1733
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

1734
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

1735
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

1736
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

1737
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

1738
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

1739
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

1740
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

1741
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

1742
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

1743
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

1744
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

1745
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

1746
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

1747
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

1748
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

1749
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

1750
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

1751
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1752
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

1753
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1754
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1755
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

1756
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

1757
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

1758
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

1759
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

1760
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

1761
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

1762
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

1763
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

1764
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

1765
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

1766
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

1767
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

1768
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

1769
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

1770
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

1771
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

1772
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

1773
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

1774
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

1775
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

1776
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

1777
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

1778
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

1779
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

1780
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

1781
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

1782
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

1783
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

1784
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

1785
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

1786
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

1787
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

1788
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

1789
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

1790
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

1791
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

1792
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

1793
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

1794
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

1795
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

1796
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

1797
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

1798
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

1799
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

1800
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

1801
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

1802
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

1803
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

1804
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

1805
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

1806
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

1807
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

1808
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

1809
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

1810
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

1811
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

1812
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

1813
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1814
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

1815
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

1816
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

1817
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

1818
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

1819
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

1820
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

1821
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

1822
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

1823
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

1824
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

1825
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

1826
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
1827
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1828
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

1829
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

1830
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

1831
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

1832
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

1833
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

1834
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

1835
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

1836
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

1837
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

1838
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

1839
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1840
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

1841
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

1842
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

1843
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

1844
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1845
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

1846
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1847
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1848
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
1849
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

1850
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

1851
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

1852
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

1853
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

1854
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

1855
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

1856
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

1857
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

1858
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

1859
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

1860
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

1861
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

1862
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

1863
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

1864
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

1865
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

1866
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

1867
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

1868
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

1869
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

1870
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

1871
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

1872
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

1873
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1874
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

1875
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1876
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1877
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

1878
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

1879
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

1880
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

1881
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

1882
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

1883
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

1884
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

1885
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

1886
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

1887
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

1888
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

1889
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

1890
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

1891
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

1892
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

1893
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

1894
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

1895
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

1896
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

1897
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

1898
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

1899
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

1900
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

1901
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

1902
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

1903
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

1904
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

1905
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

1906
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

1907
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

1908
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

1909
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

1910
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

1911
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

1912
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

1913
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

1914
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

1915
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

1916
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

1917
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

1918
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

1919
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

1920
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

1921
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

1922
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

1923
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

1924
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

1925
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

1926
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

1927
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

1928
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

1929
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

1930
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

1931
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

1932
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

1933
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

1934
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

1935
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1936
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

1937
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

1938
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

1939
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

1940
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

1941
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

1942
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

1943
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

1944
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

1945
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

1946
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

1947
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

1948
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
1949
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1950
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

1951
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

1952
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

1953
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

1954
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

1955
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

1956
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

1957
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

1958
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

1959
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

1960
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

1961
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1962
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

1963
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

1964
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

1965
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

1966
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1967
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

1968
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

1969
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

1970
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
1971
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

1972
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

1973
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

1974
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

1975
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

1976
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

1977
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

1978
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

1979
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

1980
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

1981
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

1982
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

1983
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

1984
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

1985
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

1986
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

1987
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

1988
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

1989
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

1990
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

1991
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

1992
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

1993
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

1994
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

1995
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1996
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

1997
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

1998
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

1999
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2000
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2001
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2002
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2003
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2004
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2005
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2006
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2007
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2008
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2009
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2010
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2011
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2012
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2013
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2014
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2015
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2016
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2017
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2018
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2019
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2020
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2021
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2022
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2023
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2024
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2025
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2026
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2027
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2028
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2029
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2030
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2031
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2032
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2033
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2034
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2035
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2036
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2037
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2038
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2039
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2040
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2041
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2042
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2043
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2044
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2045
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2046
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2047
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2048
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2049
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2050
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2051
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2052
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2053
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2054
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2055
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2056
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2057
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2058
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2059
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2060
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2061
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2062
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2063
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2064
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2065
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2066
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2067
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2068
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2069
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2070
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2071
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2072
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2073
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2074
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2075
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2076
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2077
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2078
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2079
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2080
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2081
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2082
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2083
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2084
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2085
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2086
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2087
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2088
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2089
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2090
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2091
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2092
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2093
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2094
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2095
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2096
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2097
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2098
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2099
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2100
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2101
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2102
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2103
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2104
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2105
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2106
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2107
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2108
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2109
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2110
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2111
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2112
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2113
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2114
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2115
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2116
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2117
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2118
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2119
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2120
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2121
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2122
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2123
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2124
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2125
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2126
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2127
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2128
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2129
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2130
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2131
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2132
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2133
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2134
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2135
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2136
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2137
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2138
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2139
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2140
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2141
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2142
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2143
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2144
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2145
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2146
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2147
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2148
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2149
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2150
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2151
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2152
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2153
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2154
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2155
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2156
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2157
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2158
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2159
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2160
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2161
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2162
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2163
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2164
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2165
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2166
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2167
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2168
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2169
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2170
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2171
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2172
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2173
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2174
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2175
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2176
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2177
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2178
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2179
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2180
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2181
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2182
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2183
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2184
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2185
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2186
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2187
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2188
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2189
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2190
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2191
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2192
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2193
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2194
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2195
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2196
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2197
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2198
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2199
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2200
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2201
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2202
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2203
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2204
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2205
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2206
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2207
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2208
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2209
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2210
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2211
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2212
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2213
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2214
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2215
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2216
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2217
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2218
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2219
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2220
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2221
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2222
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2223
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2224
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2225
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2226
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2227
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2228
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2229
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2230
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2231
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2232
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2233
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2234
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2235
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2236
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2237
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2238
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2239
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2240
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2241
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2242
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2243
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2244
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2245
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2246
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2247
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2248
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2249
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2250
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2251
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2252
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2253
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2254
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2255
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2256
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2257
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2258
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2259
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2260
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2261
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2262
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2263
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2264
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2265
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2266
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2267
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2268
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2269
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2270
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2271
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2272
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2273
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2274
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2275
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2276
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2277
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2278
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2279
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2280
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2281
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2282
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2283
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2284
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2285
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2286
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2287
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2288
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2289
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2290
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2291
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2292
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2293
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2294
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2295
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2296
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2297
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2298
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2299
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2300
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2301
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2302
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2303
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2304
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2305
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2306
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2307
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2308
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2309
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2310
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2311
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2312
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2313
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2314
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2315
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2316
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2317
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2318
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2319
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2320
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2321
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2322
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2323
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2324
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2325
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2326
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2327
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2328
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2329
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2330
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2331
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2332
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2333
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2334
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2335
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2336
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2337
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2338
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2339
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2340
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2341
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2342
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2343
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2344
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2345
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2346
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2347
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2348
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2349
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2350
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2351
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2352
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2353
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2354
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2355
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2356
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2357
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2358
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2359
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2360
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2361
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2362
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2363
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2364
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2365
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2366
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2367
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2368
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2369
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2370
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2371
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2372
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2373
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2374
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2375
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2376
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2377
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2378
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2379
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2380
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2381
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2382
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2383
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2384
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2385
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2386
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2387
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2388
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2389
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2390
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2391
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2392
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2393
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2394
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2395
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2396
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2397
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2398
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2399
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2400
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2401
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2402
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2403
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2404
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2405
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2406
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2407
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2408
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2409
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2410
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2411
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2412
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2413
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2414
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2415
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2416
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2417
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2418
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2419
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2420
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2421
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2422
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2423
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2424
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2425
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2426
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2427
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2428
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2429
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2430
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2431
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2432
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2433
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2434
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2435
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2436
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2437
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2438
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2439
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2440
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2441
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2442
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2443
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2444
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2445
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2446
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2447
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2448
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2449
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2450
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2451
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2452
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2453
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2454
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2455
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2456
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2457
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2458
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2459
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2460
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2461
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2462
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2463
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2464
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2465
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2466
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2467
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2468
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2469
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2470
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2471
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2472
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2473
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2474
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2475
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2476
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2477
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2478
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2479
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2480
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2481
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2482
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2483
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2484
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2485
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2486
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2487
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2488
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2489
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2490
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2491
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2492
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2493
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2494
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2495
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2496
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2497
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2498
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2499
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2500
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2501
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2502
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2503
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2504
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2505
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2506
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2507
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2508
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2509
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2510
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2511
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2512
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2513
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2514
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2515
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2516
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2517
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2518
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2519
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2520
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2521
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2522
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2523
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2524
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2525
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2526
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2527
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2528
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2529
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2530
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2531
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2532
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2533
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2534
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2535
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2536
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2537
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2538
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2539
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2540
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2541
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2542
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2543
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2544
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2545
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2546
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2547
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2548
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2549
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2550
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2551
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2552
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2553
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2554
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2555
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2556
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2557
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2558
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2559
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2560
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2561
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2562
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2563
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2564
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2565
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2566
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2567
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2568
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2569
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2570
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2571
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2572
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2573
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2574
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2575
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2576
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2577
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2578
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2579
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2580
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2581
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2582
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2583
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2584
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2585
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2586
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2587
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2588
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2589
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2590
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2591
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2592
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2593
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2594
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2595
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2596
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2597
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2598
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2599
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2600
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2601
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2602
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2603
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2604
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2605
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2606
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2607
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2608
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2609
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2610
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2611
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2612
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2613
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2614
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2615
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2616
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2617
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2618
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2619
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2620
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2621
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2622
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2623
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2624
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2625
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2626
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2627
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2628
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2629
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2630
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2631
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2632
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2633
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2634
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2635
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2636
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2637
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2638
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2639
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2640
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2641
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2642
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2643
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2644
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2645
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2646
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2647
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2648
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2649
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2650
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2651
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2652
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2653
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2654
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2655
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2656
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2657
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2658
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2659
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2660
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2661
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2662
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2663
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2664
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2665
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2666
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2667
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2668
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2669
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2670
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2671
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2672
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2673
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2674
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2675
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2676
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2677
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2678
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2679
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2680
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2681
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2682
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2683
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2684
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2685
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2686
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2687
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2688
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2689
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2690
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2691
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2692
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2693
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2694
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2695
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2696
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2697
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2698
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2699
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2700
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2701
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2702
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2703
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2704
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2705
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2706
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2707
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2708
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2709
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2710
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2711
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2712
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2713
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2714
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2715
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2716
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2717
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2718
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2719
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2720
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2721
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2722
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2723
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2724
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2725
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2726
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2727
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2728
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2729
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2730
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2731
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2732
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2733
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2734
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2735
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2736
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2737
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2738
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2739
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2740
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2741
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2742
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2743
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2744
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2745
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2746
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2747
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2748
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2749
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2750
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2751
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2752
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2753
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2754
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2755
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2756
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2757
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2758
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2759
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2760
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2761
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2762
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2763
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2764
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2765
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2766
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2767
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2768
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2769
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2770
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2771
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2772
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2773
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2774
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2775
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2776
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2777
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2778
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2779
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2780
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2781
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2782
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2783
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2784
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2785
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2786
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2787
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2788
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2789
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2790
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2791
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2792
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2793
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2794
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2795
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2796
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2797
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2798
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2799
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2800
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2801
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2802
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2803
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2804
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2805
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2806
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2807
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2808
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2809
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2810
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2811
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2812
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2813
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2814
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2815
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2816
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2817
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2818
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2819
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2820
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2821
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2822
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2823
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2824
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2825
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2826
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2827
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2828
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2829
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2830
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2831
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2832
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2833
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2834
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2835
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2836
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2837
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2838
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2839
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2840
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2841
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2842
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2843
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2844
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2845
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2846
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2847
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2848
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2849
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2850
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2851
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2852
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2853
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2854
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2855
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2856
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2857
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2858
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2859
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2860
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2861
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2862
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2863
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2864
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2865
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2866
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2867
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2868
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2869
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2870
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2871
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2872
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2873
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2874
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2875
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2876
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2877
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

2878
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

2879
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

2880
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

2881
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

2882
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

2883
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

2884
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

2885
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

2886
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

2887
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

2888
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

2889
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

2890
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

2891
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

2892
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

2893
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

2894
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

2895
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

2896
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

2897
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

2898
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

2899
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

2900
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

2901
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

2902
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

2903
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

2904
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

2905
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

2906
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

2907
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

2908
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

2909
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

2910
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

2911
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2912
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

2913
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

2914
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

2915
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

2916
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

2917
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

2918
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

2919
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

2920
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

2921
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

2922
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

2923
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

2924
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
2925
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2926
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

2927
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

2928
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

2929
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

2930
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

2931
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

2932
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

2933
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

2934
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

2935
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

2936
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

2937
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2938
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

2939
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

2940
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

2941
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

2942
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2943
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

2944
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

2945
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

2946
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
2947
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

2948
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

2949
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

2950
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

2951
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

2952
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

2953
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

2954
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

2955
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

2956
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

2957
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

2958
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

2959
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

2960
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

2961
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

2962
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

2963
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

2964
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

2965
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

2966
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

2967
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

2968
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

2969
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

2970
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

2971
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2972
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

2973
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

2974
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

2975
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

2976
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

2977
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

2978
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

2979
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

2980
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

2981
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

2982
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

2983
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

2984
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

2985
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

2986
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

2987
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

2988
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

2989
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

2990
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

2991
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

2992
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

2993
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

2994
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

2995
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

2996
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

2997
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

2998
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

2999
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

3000
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

3001
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

3002
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

3003
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

3004
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

3005
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

3006
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

3007
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

3008
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

3009
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

3010
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

3011
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

3012
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

3013
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

3014
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

3015
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

3016
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

3017
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

3018
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

3019
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

3020
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

3021
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

3022
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

3023
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

3024
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

3025
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

3026
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

3027
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

3028
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

3029
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

3030
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

3031
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

3032
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

3033
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3034
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

3035
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

3036
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

3037
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

3038
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

3039
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

3040
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

3041
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

3042
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

3043
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

3044
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

3045
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

3046
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
3047
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3048
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

3049
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

3050
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

3051
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

3052
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

3053
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

3054
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

3055
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

3056
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

3057
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

3058
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

3059
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3060
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

3061
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

3062
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

3063
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

3064
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3065
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

3066
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3067
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3068
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
3069
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

3070
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

3071
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

3072
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

3073
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

3074
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

3075
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

3076
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

3077
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

3078
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

3079
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

3080
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

3081
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

3082
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

3083
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

3084
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

3085
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

3086
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

3087
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

3088
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

3089
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

3090
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

3091
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

3092
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

3093
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3094
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

3095
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3096
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3097
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

3098
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

3099
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

3100
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

3101
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

3102
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

3103
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

3104
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

3105
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

3106
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

3107
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

3108
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

3109
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

3110
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

3111
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

3112
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

3113
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

3114
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

3115
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

3116
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

3117
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

3118
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

3119
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

3120
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

3121
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

3122
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

3123
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

3124
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

3125
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

3126
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

3127
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

3128
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

3129
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

3130
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

3131
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

3132
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

3133
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

3134
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

3135
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

3136
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

3137
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

3138
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

3139
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

3140
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

3141
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

3142
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

3143
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

3144
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

3145
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

3146
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

3147
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

3148
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

3149
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

3150
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

3151
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

3152
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

3153
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

3154
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

3155
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3156
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

3157
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

3158
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

3159
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

3160
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

3161
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

3162
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

3163
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

3164
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

3165
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

3166
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

3167
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

3168
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
3169
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3170
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

3171
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

3172
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

3173
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

3174
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

3175
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

3176
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

3177
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

3178
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

3179
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

3180
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

3181
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3182
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

3183
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

3184
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

3185
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

3186
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3187
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

3188
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3189
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3190
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
3191
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

3192
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

3193
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

3194
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

3195
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

3196
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

3197
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

3198
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

3199
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

3200
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

3201
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

3202
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

3203
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

3204
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

3205
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

3206
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

3207
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

3208
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

3209
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

3210
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

3211
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

3212
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

3213
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

3214
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

3215
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3216
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

3217
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3218
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3219
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

3220
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

3221
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

3222
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

3223
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

3224
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

3225
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

3226
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

3227
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

3228
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

3229
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

3230
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

3231
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

3232
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

3233
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

3234
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

3235
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

3236
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

3237
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

3238
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

3239
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

3240
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

3241
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

3242
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

3243
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

3244
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

3245
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

3246
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

3247
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

3248
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

3249
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

3250
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

3251
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

3252
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

3253
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

3254
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

3255
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

3256
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

3257
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

3258
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

3259
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

3260
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

3261
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

3262
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

3263
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

3264
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

3265
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

3266
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

3267
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

3268
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

3269
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

3270
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

3271
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

3272
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

3273
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

3274
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

3275
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

3276
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

3277
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3278
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

3279
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

3280
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

3281
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

3282
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

3283
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

3284
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

3285
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

3286
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

3287
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

3288
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

3289
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

3290
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
3291
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3292
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

3293
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

3294
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

3295
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

3296
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

3297
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

3298
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

3299
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

3300
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

3301
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

3302
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

3303
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3304
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

3305
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

3306
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

3307
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

3308
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3309
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

3310
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3311
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3312
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
3313
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

3314
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

3315
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

3316
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

3317
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

3318
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

3319
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

3320
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

3321
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

3322
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

3323
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

3324
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

3325
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

3326
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

3327
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

3328
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

3329
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

3330
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

3331
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

3332
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

3333
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

3334
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

3335
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

3336
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

3337
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3338
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

3339
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3340
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3341
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

3342
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

3343
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

3344
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

3345
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

3346
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

3347
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

3348
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

3349
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

3350
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

3351
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

3352
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

3353
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

3354
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

3355
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

3356
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

3357
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

3358
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

3359
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

3360
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

3361
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

3362
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

3363
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

3364
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

3365
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

3366
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

3367
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

3368
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

3369
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

3370
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

3371
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

3372
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

3373
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

3374
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

3375
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

3376
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

3377
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

3378
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

3379
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

3380
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

3381
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

3382
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

3383
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

3384
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

3385
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

3386
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

3387
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

3388
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

3389
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

3390
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

3391
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

3392
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

3393
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

3394
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

3395
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

3396
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

3397
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

3398
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

3399
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3400
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

3401
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

3402
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

3403
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

3404
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

3405
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

3406
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

3407
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

3408
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

3409
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

3410
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

3411
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

3412
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
3413
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3414
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

3415
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

3416
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

3417
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

3418
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

3419
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

3420
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

3421
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

3422
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

3423
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

3424
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

3425
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3426
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

3427
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

3428
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

3429
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

3430
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3431
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

3432
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3433
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3434
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
3435
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

3436
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

3437
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

3438
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

3439
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

3440
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

3441
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

3442
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

3443
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

3444
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

3445
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

3446
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

3447
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

3448
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

3449
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

3450
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

3451
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

3452
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

3453
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

3454
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

3455
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

3456
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

3457
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

3458
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

3459
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3460
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

3461
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3462
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3463
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

3464
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

3465
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

3466
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

3467
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

3468
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

3469
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

3470
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

3471
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

3472
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

3473
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

3474
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

3475
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

3476
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

3477
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

3478
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

3479
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

3480
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

3481
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

3482
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

3483
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

3484
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

3485
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

3486
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

3487
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

3488
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

3489
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

3490
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

3491
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

3492
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

3493
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

3494
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

3495
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

3496
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

3497
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

3498
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

3499
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

3500
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

3501
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

3502
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

3503
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

3504
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

3505
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

3506
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

3507
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

3508
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

3509
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

3510
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

3511
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

3512
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

3513
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

3514
Q

4 sensory branches of CN V3

A

🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve

3515
Q

4 motor branches of CN V3

A

TIME muscles

3516
Q

4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3

A

🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric

3517
Q

Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars

A

Long buccal nerve

3518
Q

Anterior /3 of tongue (general)

A

Lingual nerve

3519
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

A

Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)

3520
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

3521
Q

Base of tongue (general and taste)

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3522
Q

Terminal branch of IAN

A

🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)

🔹Incisive nerve

3523
Q

Innervates the lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve

3524
Q

Exit of nasopalatine nerve or “Nerve of Scarpa”

A

Incisive foramen

3525
Q

Innervates the TMJ and Scalp

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

3526
Q

Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)

A

Portwine stain

3527
Q

Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis

3528
Q

Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

3529
Q

Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

SOF

3530
Q

What muscle is innervated by CN VI

A

Lateral rectus of the eye

3531
Q

Foramen exit of Facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

3532
Q

Control scalp muscles around ear

A

Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)

3533
Q

Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Facial nerve

3534
Q

5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)

A

“The Zebra Bump My Car”

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
3535
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3536
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)

A

Submandibular and sublingual gland

3537
Q

3 other names for CN VIII

A

🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve

3538
Q

Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Internal acoustic meatus

3539
Q

Nerve for sense of Hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

3540
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A

🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum

3541
Q

Examples of Elastic Cartilages

A

🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube

3542
Q

What is found in the middle ear

A

🔹Auditory Ossicles

🔹Eustachian tube

3543
Q

What structures are found in the inner ear

A

🔹Cochlea

🔹Semicircular canals

3544
Q

Receptor organ for hearing

A

Organ of corti

3545
Q

Sensory receptors for hearing

A

“Hair-ing”

Hair cells

3546
Q

Contains semicircular fluids for balance

A

Semicircular canals

3547
Q

Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3548
Q

Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve

3549
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Parotid gland

3550
Q

General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)

3551
Q

Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus

A

IX
X
XI

3552
Q

Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3553
Q

2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus

A

🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)

🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)

3554
Q

Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus

3555
Q

Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve

A

Jugular foramen

3556
Q

Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs

A 
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
3557
Q

If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart’s function

A

Increase force of contraction and heart rate

3558
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =

A

Decrease force of contraction and heart rate

“VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart”

3559
Q

Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =

A

Slow or decreased digestion

kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest

3560
Q

Gag reflex - motor func

A

Vagus nerve - CN X

3561
Q

Gag reflex - sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

3562
Q

Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation

A

Vagus nerve

3563
Q

The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

3564
Q

Where does the CN XI enter?

A

Foramen magnum

3565
Q

Where does the CN XI exit?

A

Jugular foramen

3566
Q

Muscles that are innervated by CN XI

A

🔹Trapezius

🔹Sternocleidomastoid

3567
Q

Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid

A

Torticollis aka “Wry neck”

3568
Q

Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side

A

Opposite side of the body

3569
Q

Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve

A

Hypoglossal canal

May sariling canal si bakla

3570
Q

Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

A

Hypoglossal nerve

3571
Q

Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus

3572
Q

Palatoglossus is innervated by

A

Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)

3573
Q

Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly

A

Genioglossus

3574
Q

Move tongue inferiorly

A

Hyoglossus

3575
Q

Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly

A

Styloglossus

3576
Q

Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue

A

Palatoglossus

3577
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

Trochlear nerve CN IV

3578
Q

Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

3579
Q

What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)

A

Tic Douloureux

3580
Q

DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

3581
Q

Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3582
Q

Largest nerve in the human body

A

Sciatic nerve

3583
Q

What is the Wandering nerve

A

CN X - Vagus nerve

3584
Q

What innervates the Parotid gland

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

3585
Q

What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII - Chorda tympani

3586
Q

What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

3587
Q

What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation

A

Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism

3588
Q

What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver

A

CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor

3589
Q

CF 1

A

Fibrinogen

3590
Q

CF 2

A

Prothrombin

3591
Q

CF 3

A

Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)

3592
Q

CF 4

A

Calcium

3593
Q

CF 5

A

Labile factor

3594
Q

CF 7

A

Stable factor

3595
Q

CF 8

A

Antihemophilic factor

3596
Q

CF 10

A

Stuart factor

3597
Q

CF 11

A

Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent

3598
Q

CF 12

A

Hagemann factor

3599
Q

CF 13

A

Fibrin stabilizing factor

3600
Q

Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A

A

CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)

3601
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia B

A

CF 9 - Christmas factor

3602
Q

Deficient in Hemophilia C

A

CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

3603
Q

Most important clotting factor

A

CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor

3604
Q

Cloting time

A

8 to 15 minutes

3605
Q

Bleeding time

A

1 to 3 mins

3606
Q

Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of

A

Platelet plug

3607
Q

2 components of blood clot

A

Platelets and Fibrin

3608
Q

Meshlike structure

A

Fibrin

3609
Q

Electrolyte important for blot clotting

A

Calcium

3610
Q

2 pathways in coagulation cascade

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

3611
Q

Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment

A

Intrinsic pathway

3612
Q

Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment

A

Extrinsic pathway

3613
Q

Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway

A

CF 10 - Stuart factor

3614
Q

What are attached to CF 10

A

“CaVX”

Calcium
CF V - Labile factor

3615
Q

Precursor of Fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

3616
Q

Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet

A

Pressure pack

3617
Q

CaVX waits for

A

Prothrombin

3618
Q

Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin

A

Ca V X

3619
Q

Precursor of Thrombin

A

Prothrombin (II)

3620
Q

Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin

A

Fibrinogen (I)

3621
Q

Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)

A

CF 1 - Fibrinogen

3622
Q

In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =

A

✔️Clotting time increased

✔️Normal bleeding time

3623
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)

A

“PeT”

Prothrombin time

3624
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin time)

A

PT = 9 to 13s

3625
Q

Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X

A

Partial prothrombin time (“PTiT”)

3626
Q

Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)

A

PTT = 25 to 35s

3627
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

1-3s

boards = 2-3s

3628
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000-450,000 cells/mL

3629
Q

Normal RBC count

A

5M cells/mL

3630
Q

Life span of platelets

A

10 days

3631
Q

Most numerous papillae

A

Filiform

3632
Q

Only papillae without taste buds

A

Filiform

3633
Q

Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue

A

Fungiform

3634
Q

Found posterolaterally of tongue

A

Foliate

3635
Q

✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae

A

Circumvallate

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