7.14-7.19: Retrieving the Past & Forgetting Flashcards
Accessing information from memory without any cues to aid your retrieval
Free recall
Information related to stored memories that helps bring the memories back to mind
Retrieval cues
A form of retrieval that is facilitated by providing information related to the stored memory
Cued recall
A form of retrieval that relies on identifying previously seen or experienced information
Recognition
The idea that retrieval is best when the present context recreates the context in which information was initially encoded
Encoding specificity principle
The increased likelihood of remembering when a person is in the same state during both encoding and retrieval
State-dependent retrieval
The increased likelihood of remembering when a person is in the same mood during both encoding and retrieval
Mood-dependent retrieval
The enhanced ability to remember information when encoding is distributed over time
Spacing effect
The retention of information over various delay times
Forgetting curve
The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information
Retroactive interference
The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information
Proactive interference
A failure to retrieve information despite confidence that it is stored in memory
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
Willful forgetting of information so that it is less likely to be retrieved later
Motivated forgetting
The inability of adults to retrieve episodic memories from the first few years of life
Infantile amnesia
A time of prominent memory making between adolescence and early adulthood
Reminiscence bump
