1.1-1.13: Welcome to Psychology

Question 1

The scientific study of mind and behavior

Answer 1

Psychology

Question 2

A collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly thought to be based on valid science

Answer 2

Pseudoscience

Question 3

The available body of facts or information indication whether a belief or proposition is true or valid

Answer 3

Evidence

Question 4

Based on astute observation and accurate measurement

Answer 4

Empirical

Question 5

The purposeful, reasoned, and goal-directed process of exploring a situation or problem; it is an essential component of psychological literacy

Answer 5

Critical thinking

Question 6

Research participants from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic backgrounds

Answer 6

WEIRD samples

Question 7

The psychological perspective on behavior that seeks to identify how humans’ evolutionary past shapes certain cultural universals that all humans beings share, such as the preference for fairness

Answer 7

Evolutionary perspective

Question 8

The psychological perspective that seeks to understand how cultural context affects people’s thoughts and preferences

Answer 8

Cultural perspective

Question 9

The rules, values, customs, and beliefs that exist within a group of people who share a common language and environment; it passes from generation to generation as children learn it from their parents, caregivers, and the larger society

Answer 9

Culture

Question 10

The psychological perspective that studies the mental processes that underlie perception, thought, learning, memory, language, and creativity

Answer 10

Cognitive perspective

Question 11

The psychological perspective that seeks to understand how the human capacity to feel, express, and perceive emotions plays an important role in decision making, behavior, and social relationships

Answer 11

Emotional perspective

Question 12

The part of our mental life that influences our thoughts, feelings, and actions that we cannot directly observe and of which we are unaware

Answer 12

Unconscious

Question 13

The psychological perspective that seeks to understand the biological underpinnings of how humans think, act, and behave

Answer 13

Biological-neuroscience perspective

Question 14

The psychological perspective that studies how people change physically, cognitively, socially, and emotionally as they age

Answer 14

Developmental perspective

Question 15

The psychological perspective that seeks to understand aspects of human behavior that are relatively stable over time and situation

Answer 15

Personality perspective

Question 16

The psychological perspective that studies the ways in which immediate social contexts influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, independent of personality

Answer 16

Social psychological perspective

Question 17

The psychological perspective that focuses on the causes and treatment of psychological disorders, with the goal of improving human well-being, daily functioning, and social relationships

Answer 17

Clinical perspective

Question 18

The belief that human personality and behavior can be changed

Answer 18

Growth mindset

Question 19

The scientific study of the factors that make people happy, keep them healthy, and help them manage stress; includes the study of important human experiences, such as hope, courage, and creativity

Answer 19

Positive psychology

Question 20

An awareness and understanding of your own thought processes

Answer 20

Metacognition