7.1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

genome

A

total of all genetic material in an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pcr

A

polymerase chain reaction
amplification of dna in vitro (out of body)need
-Taq polymerase
duplicates DNA
-DNA
Original DNA to be replicated
-primers x2
a single strand of DNA that is complimentary to the target sequence allowing you to amplify any
-nucleotides
free nucleotides to make amplified DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how does pcr work

A
  • use (DNA) primers / nucleotides
  • use {high temperature / 95 ◦
    C} for 30 seconds (to separate
    DNA strands by breaking h bonds
  • use {lower temperature / 55 ◦
    C} for 20 seconds (to bind
    primers)
  • heat to 72°C with polymerase (to replicate DNA)
  • repeat process (to obtain many copies of DNA)
    heat tolrant DNA polymerase then replicates region of DNA
    takes longer for polyerasition of nucleotides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

dna sequencing

A

-The DNA is chopped into smaller pieces
-Double strands are separated into single strands
-PCR is used to amplify (replicate) the DNA.
-Terminator bases are added to the strands
-The coloured tags allow the bases to be read rapidly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

dna profiling

A

analysing DNA for variations
mostly identical
found in introns (non coding regions)
micro/mini satellites -short sequences which are repeated
—- identifacation of repeating patterns in the non coding introns of dna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sattelites

A

micro - 2-6 bases repeated 5-100x
mini - 10-100 bases repeated 50-many00x
same position but different number of repeats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

gel electrophoresis

A

dna is cutby restriction enzyme
electrical current seperates dna pieces in gel
negative DNA is attracted to positive electrode
separated DNA are transferred to membrane
chemicals make the bands visible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

gene probe

A

short DNA sequences labelled with a florescent molecule that are complimentary to specific DNA sequences
bind with DNA - hybridisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

southern blotting

A

alkine buffer solution added to gel
nylon filter paper placed over
DNA solution drawn to paper
leaving the solution as blots
DNA is denatured so strands separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

short tandem repeats

A

micro satalite regions used in dna identifcation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

restriction endonuclease

A

cut dna to make short tandem repeats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly