1.1 Flashcards
what are the anions
apples, now pink cant hang
nitrate
phosphate
chloride
hydrogen carbonate
what are the cations
cats should call mummy harriet
sodium
calcium
hydrogen
magnesium
hydrogen +
needed for respiration and photosynthesis
hydrocarbonate
buffering the blood
chloride -
synapses and secretory
phosphate -
formation of dna + rna
used in the structure of cell membrane
hydroxide -
affects the ph of substances
magnesium 2+
production of chlorophyll
calcium 2+
formation of bone, muscle contractions
sodium 2+
synapses and secreteory system
pottasium +
synapses, muscle contraction
ammonium +
absorbed by plants to make amino acids
nitrate -
needed for the formation of amino acids + DNA
adhesive
attracted to other different molecules
important in plant transport systems and in surface tension
cohesive
forces between molecules mean they stick together
important for movement of water from roots to leaves
surface tension
water is polar and forms hydrogen bonds
this makes it cohesive
forming a net inward force at its surface
important in plant transport systems
life at surfact of ponds ect
specific heat capacity of water
water forms many hydrogen bonds
which are very strong and require lots of energy to overcome
so it has a high specific heat capacity
this means the temp of large bodies of water eg lakes dont change much throughout the year
- good habitiats
density of water
cools to 4* (maximum density)
as it cools further the molcules become more widely spaced
ice is less dense that water (floats)
forming an insulating layer
so organsims underneath can survive
polar molcule
a molcule which has a dipole
one or more hydrogen atoms are involed in the bond increases the likelehood
water structure
why is water a good transport medium
so many substances dissolve in it
carries substances such as starch that form colloids
why do water molecules attract
they are polar ions
the slightly negative attracts the slightly positive
join in a electrostatic froce called a hydrogen bond
hydrogen bonds are weak but together they are strong
liquid
cannot be compressed
important for hydraulic mechansism
what % of cells is water
60-70 %
polar solvent
many ionoic and covalent substances will disolve in it -anything charged
-most of cells chemical reactions happen in water
dipole
a molecule in which the concentration of the +ve charge is seperated from the -ve
importance of drought
less water
so fewer mineral ions are taken up
less water for photosynthesis
less galp produced in Calvin cycle
less NPP
calcium pectate
contains calcium ions
found in cell wall - in middle lamella
cell walls together
-maintains structure
ions needed to form amino acid
nitrate ions
ions needed to form dna
nitrate and phosphate
