7. GPR Flashcards
Actinomyces israelii GS
“GPR
filamentous
branching”
Actinomyces israelii SBA
molar tooth
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum GS
“GPR
curved
branching”
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum SBA
“B subtle
small
gray/white”
Arcanobacterium haemolyticus E/P/L
=/=/=
Bacillus GS
“GP/VR
spores
large, boxy”
Bacillus anthracis SBA
“G
white, ground glass
tenacious”
Bacillus cereus SBA
“B
large
green
feathered edges”
Corynebacterium GS
“GPR
club-shape
V/L formation
palisades”
Corynebacterium diphtheriae SBA
“B +/=
ppt/small
gray/white”
Corynebacterium jeikeium/urealyticum SBA
“G
ppt
gray/white”
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae GS
“GPR
filamentous”
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae SBA
“A weak
small
gray”
Gardnerella vaginalis GS
GVR
Lactobacillus GS
“GPR
very long”
Lactobacillus SBA
“A
small/ppt
gray”
Listeria monocytogenes GS
GPR/CB
Listeria monocytogenes SBA
“B subtle
small
gray”
Spyo SBA
B wide zone
Saga SBA
“B subtle
small
gray”
C. diphtheriae appears black with a brown halo on —– agar
Cystine-Tellurite/Tinsdale
Catalase = GPRs (5)
Actinomyces israelii
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Gardnerella vaginalis
Lactobacillus
Catalase + GPRs (3)
Bacillus
Corynebacterium
Listeria monocytogenes
Cats CRYing with MONO love BACk scratches
Erhu BE/salt
=/+
Lmon BE/salt
+/+
Saga BE/salt
=/+
Lmon esculin
+
Spyo E/P/L
=/+/+
Cjei vs Cure
Cjei Gluose +/Urea =
Cure Glucose =/Urea +
Positive hippurates
Lmon
Saga
Bant vs Bcer (3)
Bant Motility =; S to penicillin; does not grow on PEA
Lmon motility
+
tumbling
umbrella SIM
H2S + GPR
Erhu
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Corynebacterium NF site
URT
skin
Cdip transmission
respiratory aerosol
Coryne energy storage
polyphosphate granules
Enzyme responsible for Coryne’s black colony on Tinsdale agar
tellurite reductase
Other organism that can grow black on Tinsdale
Saur
used to determine if Coryne is making toxins
principle of test
Elek test
immunoprecipitation
Elek test
Cdip on SBA can resemble…
What differentiates? (4)
Spyo
GS; catalase; dark halo around Cdip on Tinsdale; Loeffler’s slant for granule formation
Non-selective medium used to enhance the formation of metachromatic granules
Loeffler’s serum slant
What is Colistin-nalidixic acid (CNA) agar used for?
Cdip
distinguish Cdip from others of the genus; isolate it out of normal throat flora
CNA selects for —–, like PEA
GPs
Required for Coryne to make toxin
Organism must first be attacked by a bacteriophage that encodes it for toxin production
Cdip toxin effects
Causes arrhythmia, myocarditis, congestive heart failure, cranial and peripheral palsy, paralysis of diaphragm
Diphtheria presents as….
pharyngitis/tonsilitis
Reservoir for Cdip
adults who have not kept up with vaccinations
initially mimics white spots on tonsils found in Strep
Cdip pseudomembrane
bull neck
diphtheria
non-respiratory infection caused by diphtheria
skin lesions
Gray membrane over skin lesion that peels off to reveal a beefy wound
Cdip
disease does not confer immunity
Cdip
non-diphtheriae Coryne can look like…
SNA
Cjei clinical significance (8)
nosocomial infections
colonization of hospitalized patients (Inguinal, Axillary, Rectal, Perineum)
Endocarditis/septicemia
CSF shunt/catheter
Pneumonia
Osteomyelitis
Peritonitis
Surgical wound infection
Antibiotics used to ID Cjei/Cure
MDR, except susceptible to Vanc
Rapidly urease +
Cure
Cure clinical significance
Acute and chronic urinary tract infections
Renal cysts
Renal stones
Alkaline-encrusted cystitis (AEC)
Alkaline-encrusted cystitis (AEC)
Cure
Diphtheria tx
Antitoxin and penicillin or erythromycin
Foods implicated with Lmon
Coleslaw, soft cheeses (feta, brie, camembert, blue-veined), raw milk, undercooked chicken, hotdogs, sliced meats, fish and shellfish
Intracellular pathogen
Lmon
Lmon resembles…
Saga
Temperature that Lmon will grow at, and Saga will not
4°
can cross-react with Group B antiserum on strep latex test
Lmon
Ahae
Lmon clinical significance
meningoencephalitis
sepsis
spontaneous abortions
gastroenteritis
Typical adult patient of Lmon
cancer patient on chemotherapy or steroids
Lmon specimens
CSF
blood
stool
placenta
appears falsely susceptible to cephalosporins, which don’t cross the blood brain barrier
Lmon
spores indicate Bacillus or….
clostridium
Bacillus
Bacillus O2
Facultative anaerobe
Bacillus PEA
growth
B. anthracis - no growth
Bacillus beneficial applications
Antibiotic production
Vitamin production
Validation of sterilization methods
Insect control
Bant primarily causes disease in…
ruminants
protein antiphagocytic capsule
Bant
2 toxins in Bant
edema toxin and lethal toxin
Bant transmission
through animal products
Most Bant infections are cases of ———- and present as …….
cutaneous anthrax
Painless, slow healing black ulcer called an eschar
Toxin effects in resp. anthrax
Causes edema, internal bleeding, tissue damage and necrosis
Antibiotics do not work on resp. anthrax once…
toxin reaches bloodstream
Rare 3rd form of anthrax
intestinal anthrax
2001 bioterror organism
Bant
Bant safety procedures
class II biological safety cabinet
Need a class III cabinet for manipulations that may create aerosols (mincing , vortexing, cutting)
Bant vaccine recommended for…
Military, lab workers with direct contact with organism, and those who work with animals and their products imported from endemic areas
Do not use ——— to tx Bant because…
No penicillin due to possible inducible β-lactamase
most common lab contaminant
Bcer
2 forms of Bcer food poisoning due to toxin
Emetic
Diarrheal
Most often associated with consuming fried rice at Asian restaurants
Bcer food poisoning
Can cause eye infection due to trauma, especially from farm accidents
Bcer
Antibiotic that separates Bcer from Bant
Bant is susceptible to penicillin
Bcer is resistant
Found in animals, pigs being the main reservoir
Erhu
Localized form of cellulitis caused by Erhu
erysipeloid
Lesions are purplish, swollen, painful and spread slowly
40% mortality if it goes septicemic
Erhu
Erhu specimen
Need to culture a full thickness biopsy of infected skin
intrinsically resistant to Vanc, teicoplanin, SXT, and aminoglycosides
Erhu
Lactobacillus importance
Important in maintaining pH of healthy female genital tract
intrinsically resistant to Vanc, infection is very rare
Lactobacillus
inhibited by SBS anticoag
G. vaginalis
gold standard for dx of BV
GS
shift that happens in BV
from good GP organisms to bad GN organisms
GN organisms that cause BV when Lactobacillus disappears
Gardnerella vaginalis
Bacteroides spp.
Prevotella spp.
Mobiluncus spp.
BV clinical sx
gray discharge, fishy odor with 10% KOH, pH >4.6
BD Affirm VPIII detection threshold is set…..
above levels of normal flora and detects only clinically significant levels (disease state) of Gardnerella and Candida species
BD Affirm VPIII is useful for…
fast results (1 hour) for pregnant women at delivery
Complications of BV in pregnant women
Preterm birth
Premature rupture of the membranes (PROM)
Chorioamnionitis
Shows similar arrangement on GS to diphtheroids
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
A. haemolyticum mimics…
S. pyogenes or S. anginosus
Distinguishes Ahae from Spyo (3)
GS; LAP = (Spyo +); PYR = (Spyo +)
Causes pharyngitis that can be mistaken for Strep
A. haemolyticum
A. israelii
A. israelii clinical significance
cervicofacial actinomycosis
colonies of organisms in pus resemble hard, yellow sulfur granules
A. israelii
risk factors for actinomycosis
dental procedures
oral surgery
IUD
GPR genera (8)
Actinomyces
Arcanobacterium
Bacillus
Corynebacterium
Erysipelothrix
Gardnerella
Lactobacillus
Listeria
