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Mercy CLS 2: Microbiology > 5. Neisseria + Moraxella > Flashcards

5. Neisseria + Moraxella Flashcards

1
Q

Neisseria GS

A

GNDC
Kidney bean shaped
often intracellular

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2
Q

Oxidase positives

A

Neisseria and Moraxella

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3
Q

Neisseria always considered a pathogen

A

NGON

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4
Q
A

Neisseria

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5
Q

All Neisseria are capnophiles, but —- requires CO2

A

NGON

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6
Q

Neisseria endotoxin

A

LOS

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7
Q

LOS is lacking the…

A

O antigen

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8
Q

Neisseria compete with the host for —-

A

iron

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9
Q

prevent development of NGON vaxx

A

constant alterations to pili antigens

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10
Q

Swab used for NGON collection
plate within —- hours of collection

A

rayon/dacron
6

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11
Q

NGON incubation requirements

A

35°C
3-5% CO2
humidity
up to 3 days

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12
Q

medium that selects for Neisseria

A

Thayer Martin

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13
Q

System used to grow and transport NGON, no longer used much anymore

A

JEMBEC

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14
Q

—– gives a mixed culture appearance

A

NGON

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15
Q

CTA ingredients, besides the sugar

A

cystine, peptones, phenol red pH indicator and 0.25% agar

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16
Q

GS is good for diagnosing NGON in…..

A

symptomatic males

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17
Q

why is GS no good for diagnosing females with NGON?

which other NGON infections is GS not good for?

A

Females have other GU flora organisms that mimic NGON on gram stain

pharyngeal and rectal

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18
Q

non-culture method of IDing NGON, never used for children

A

Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)

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19
Q

nucleic acid probe signal amplification is used on NGON in which samples?

A

urogential and conjunctival specimen swabs

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20
Q

Nucleic Acid Probe Signal Amplification turnaround time

downside

A

2 hours

must verify results, false positives occur

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21
Q

NAAT can be used on which types of samples?

A

endocervix, vagina, urethra, and urine

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22
Q

Pros and Cons of NAAT

A

Very sensitive, faster than culture, more specific, does not require viable organisms, less stringent collection and transport requirements

Expensive, some false positive results in certain settings, lack of antibiotic resistance data

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23
Q

NGON incubation

A

2-7 days

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24
Q

male vs female NGON presentation

A

male: Usually acute and symptomatic; if left untreated, 90% spontaneously resolve

female: About 50% are asymptomatic; Potential for complications if left untreated

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25
pustular petechiae
NGON
26
What is a problem of NGON blood cultures and how do we solve it?
sodium polyanethol sulfonate anticoagulant is inhibitory, but if we draw at least 8 mL, it is diluted enough to recover organism.
27
prophylactic for ophthalmia neonatorum
1% silver nitrate drops or 0.5% erythromycin ointment
28
begins when NGON ascends into the fallopian tubes
pelvic inflammatory disease
29
If NGON is able to grow on BAP, it will look like...
tiny pinpoint
30
NGON ID methods (6)
CHO utilization Enzymatic procedures DNA probe culture confirmation NAAT MALDI-TOF 16sRNA gene sequencing
31
super NGON is resistant to...
ceftriaxone and azithromycin
32
NMEN grows on...
most non-selective media with blood
33
NMEN must be handled in a ------- safety hood
class II
34
there are ---- NMEN capsule serotypes and ---- is the worst one
13 B
35
Why is serotype B the worst in NMEN?
Homologous to brain tissue, not immunogenic.
36
Why is NMEN so pathogenic?
LOS release of blebs 10-1000x more endotoxin is released than other GNs
37
most common NMEN serotypes
A, B, C, Y, W135
38
direct detection method of NMEN
Bacterial latex agglutination (BLAT)/Direct antigen test (DAT)
39
Sx of NMEN meningitis
Confusion, rash, headache, fever, nuchal (neck) rigidity, vomiting, confusion, photophobia
40
mortality rate for meningitis w/o sepsis
3-10%
41
meningococcemia mortality rate and onset
Onset 6-8 hours Death within 12-48 hours 50% mortality even with treatment
42
complicaition of meningitis that involves the body using up all the clotting factors and then uncontrollable bleeding
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
43
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Complication of NMEN DIC Bilateral hemorrhage of the adrenal glands
44
2 populations at risk for NMEN
3 months to 1 year Older teenagers and young adults
45
organism that can create antibodies to NMEN
E. coli serotype K1
46
Africa has a regional belt of ----- infection from Dec to March
NMEN
47
NMEN serotypes that the vaccine covers
A, C, Y and W135
48
saprophytic
nonpathogenic
49
some nonpathogenic Neisseria species produce a ------ pigment
xanthochromic (yellow)
50
------ and ------ will grow on TM (not NGON or NMEN) ------- will only grow on initial isolation
N. lactamica and M. catarrhalis N. cinerea
51
-------- can be mis-IDed as NGON with rapid enzyme tests why?
N. cinerea Carbonic acid created from the production of carbon dioxide can result in a weak acid reaction
52
butyrate esterase allows MCAT to hydrolyze....
indoxyl-butyrate
53
3 most common causes of otitis media
M. catarrhalis S. pneumoniae H. influenzae
54
COPD is a risk factor for ------- infection & pneumonia
MCAT
55
Intracellular GNDC in a lower resp sample could be -------, while extracellulars could be -------
MCAT Neisseria normal flora
56
Why do antibiotics make NMEN patients worse at first?
Cell lysis releases LOS endotoxin
57
4 antibiotics in TM agar and what they inhibit
Vancomycin—GPC (and 10% of NGON) Anisomycin—yeasts Trimethoprim—Proteus swarming Colistin—GNRs and normal flora Neisseria
58
oxidase reagents
Tetra-methyl-para-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride Dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride
59
wait ----- for Mcat disc to change color
2 mins
60
NGON clinical significance (7)
gonorrhoea septic arthritis ophthalmia neonatorum pelvic inflammatory disease proctitis pharyngitis tonsilitis
61
NMEN clinical significance (2)
meningitis meningococcemia
62
nonpathogenic Neisseria are rare causes of...
endocarditis
63
N. cinerea clinical significance
proctitis
64
MCAT clinical significance
otitis media bronchitis pneumonia acute maxillary sinusitis
65
NGON glucose-maltose-sucrose-lactose
POS neg neg neg
66
NMEN glucose-maltose-sucrose-lactose
POS POS neg neg
67
NLAC glucose-maltose-sucrose-lactose
POS POS neg POS
68
NMUC glucose-maltose-sucrose-lactose
POS POS POS neg
69
NSIC glucose-maltose-sucrose-lactose
POS POS POS neg
70
NCIN glucose-maltose-sucrose-lactose
neg neg neg neg
71
MCAT glucose-maltose-sucrose-lactose
neg neg neg neg
72
only positive DNAse
MCAT
73
GNDC with B-lactamase
NGON MCAT screen the others
74
clue that otitis media might be caused by MCAT
no susceptibility to B-lactams

Mercy CLS 2: Microbiology (16 decks)

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