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Mercy CLS 2: Microbiology > 10. Anaerobes > Flashcards

10. Anaerobes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

GPRs (5)

A

Clostridium
Actinomyces
Cutibacterium
Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium

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2
Q

GNRs (4)

A

Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Prevotella
Porphyromonas

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3
Q

GNC (1)

A

Veillonella

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4
Q

GPCs (4)

A

Finegoldia
Peptostreptococcus
Peptoniphilus
Streptococcus (micro)

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5
Q

Clostridium
catalase
resistance

A

cat =
colistin R

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6
Q

no WBC in stain

A

C. perfringens

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7
Q

C. —– rarely makes spores

A

perfringens

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8
Q

C. perfringens disease

A

gas gangrene
necrotizing fasciitis
food poisoning
soft tissue infection
bacteremia (elderly)

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9
Q

gray, flat rhizoid colony that spreads, but doesn’t swarm

A

C. perfringens

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10
Q

double Beta

A

C. perfringens

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11
Q

Alpha & Theta toxins

A

C. perfringens

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12
Q

tennis racket

A

C. tetani

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13
Q

C. tetani indole

A

indole +

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14
Q

toxin of C. tetani

A

tetanospasmin

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15
Q

Beta swarming colony

A

C. tetani

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16
Q

dx by s/s, not culture

A

C. tetani

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17
Q

toxins A & B

A

C. difficile

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18
Q

culture not performed but colony is chartreuse and has horse odor

A

C. difficile

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19
Q

isolation from blood = colon cancer

A

C. septicum

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20
Q

Medusa head, swarms

A

C. septicum

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21
Q

C. septicum indole

A

indole =

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22
Q

Nonswarming clostridium; end of pregnancy infection

A

C. sordellii

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23
Q

end of pregnancy

A

C. sordellii

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24
Q

C. sordellii indole, urease

A

indole +
urease +

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25
Q

Actinomyces GS

A

long, thin, branched, beaded GPR

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26
Q

short, clubbed, pleio, palisading GPR

A

Cutibacterium

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27
Q

C. acnes catalase indole

A

cat +
indole +

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28
Q

long, thin, chain forming GPR

A

lactobacillus

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29
Q

ppt alpha/gamma
intrinsicallyl Vanc resistant

A

Lactobacillus

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30
Q

“Y” dog bone

A

Bifidobacterium

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31
Q

dental caries
small white colony

A

Bifidobacterium

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32
Q

Bifidobacterium cat indole nitrate

A

catalase =
indole =
nitrate =

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33
Q

enzyme made by all anaerobic GNRs

A

B-lactamase

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34
Q

pleio/CB with or without vacuoles

A

Bacteroides fragilis

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35
Q

esculin +

A

B. fragilis

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36
Q

B. fragilis resistance

A

Pen
Vanc
Kanamycin
Colistin

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37
Q

large gray wet speckled

A

B. fragilis

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38
Q

B. fragilis infections

A

below the waist

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39
Q

obligate anaerobes, NOF

A

Fusobacterium

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40
Q

Fusobacterium resistance

A

Vanc

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41
Q

fluoresce chartreuse

A

Fusobacterium

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42
Q

rancid butter, butyric acid

A

Fusobacterium

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43
Q

Fusobacterium indole

A

indole +

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44
Q

long thin fusiform rod

A

F. nucleatum

45
Q

F. nucleatum infections

A

above the waist, especially lungs

46
Q

speckled, breadcrumbs, smooth gray/white

A

F. nucleatum

47
Q

Differentiate the Fusobacteriums

A

F. nucleatum: lipase =
F. necrophorum: lipase +

48
Q

bizarre pleio

A

F. necrophorum

49
Q

F. necrophorum infections

A

Vincent’s angina/trench mouth
Lemierre’s disease

50
Q

Prev/Porph GS

A

GNCB/pleio

51
Q

tan/black colonies on media with blood

A

Prev/Porph

52
Q

red fluorescence

A

Prev, Porph, Veill

53
Q

Prevotella melaninogenica resistance

A

Vanc
Kanamycin

54
Q

Prev/Porph infections

A

above the waist
oral flora

55
Q

Porphyromonas resistance

A

Kanamycin
Colistin

56
Q

Differentiate Prev/Porph

A

Prevotella: grows on LKV
Porphyromons: ng on LKV

57
Q

GNCCL

A

Veillonella parvula

58
Q

Veillonella parvula resistance

A

Vanc

59
Q

Veillonella parvula LKV

A

ng

60
Q

Veillonella parvula infections

A

mixed
above/below waist

61
Q

Veillonella nitrate

A

nitrate +

62
Q

GPC resistance pattern

A

S to Vanc
V to colistin
R to kanamycin

63
Q

25% anaerobic infections

A

GPC

64
Q

most pathogenic anaerobic GPC

A

Finegoldia magna

65
Q

Finegoldia infections

A

endocarditis
joint
respiratory
prostheses
diabetic food wound

66
Q

larger than average GPC - mimics Staph

A

Finegoldia magna

67
Q

Finegoldia magna catalase indole SPS

A

catalase =
indole =
R to SPS

68
Q

Peptostreptococcus anaerobius infections

A

mixed
abdomen, GU, respiratory, oral

69
Q

elongated cocci in PR/CH

A

Peptostreptococcus anaerobius

70
Q

sweet odor, isocapric acid

A

Peptostreptococcus anaerobius

71
Q

Peptostreptococcus anaerobius SPS

A

S to SPS

72
Q

Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus infections

A

below the waist
especially female reproductive system

73
Q

stain poorly, appear as GNC

A

Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus

74
Q

Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus indole

A

indole +

75
Q

Microaer Strep requirement

A

10% CO2

76
Q

Micro Strep formerly…

A

S. milleri

77
Q

Micro Strep colony

A

ppt Beta
butterscotch odor

78
Q

micro Strep PYR

A

PYR =

(Group A is PYR +)

79
Q

brain abscesses

A

S. intermedius

80
Q

abdomen, head and neck infections

A

Micro Strep

81
Q

antibiotics above diaphragm

A

clindamycin

82
Q

antibiotics below diaphragm

A

metronidazole
does not affect aerobes

83
Q

antibiotics used for multiple sites

A

B-lactams/combos
carbapenems
moxifloxacin

84
Q

Can tolerate exposure to 2-8% oxygen for 30 minutes to a few hours

A

moderate obligate

85
Q

moderate obligate groups

A

Bacteroides fragilis group
Prevotella-Porphyromonas groups
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Clostridium perfringens

86
Q

2 factors that affect growth of anaerobes

A

Inhibitory effect of oxygen and its toxic derivatives

Oxidation-reduction potential of media

87
Q

Eh

A

Measurement of environment’s ability to lose (oxidize) or gain (reduce) electrons

88
Q

ideal specimen

A

whole tissue or aspiration with needle and syringe

89
Q

redox indicator

A

Resazurin

90
Q

clues to presence of anaerobes

A

1) close to mucosa
2) necrotic/low bloodflow
3) foul odor
4) gas in tissues
5) sulfur granules
6) black discoloration
7) fluorescence
etc

91
Q

Pmel requirements

A

vitamin K
hemin

92
Q

produces vitamin K

A

Saur

93
Q

reducing ingredients in RBAP

A

palladium chloride, L-cysteine HCL and dithiothreitol

94
Q

main enriched and selective agar

A

Laked kanamycin-vancomycin agar (LKV)

95
Q

BBE ingredients

A

esculin, bile, hemin, vitamin K and gentamicin

96
Q

ideal anaerobic atmosphere

A

80-90% nitrogen
5% hydrogen
5-10% carbon dioxide

97
Q

how do self contained agars work?

A

Media contains enzymes which reduces oxygen in agar and space above medium

98
Q

anaerobic generating system chemical reactions

A

Creates hydrogen and carbon dioxide

Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water in the presence of a palladium catalyst

Desiccant absorbs the water produced

99
Q

explain role of charcoal filter in anaerobic chamber

A

Charcoal filter absorbs hydrogen sulfide and other metabolic by-products which can inactivate the palladium catalyst

100
Q

when to examine plates

A

48 hours, 3, 4 and 5 days

101
Q

how to perform aerotolerance test

A

Sub to one-quarter section of CHOC and an entire RBAP

read at 48 hours

102
Q

wound cultures take —- days minimum

A

5

103
Q

when to do full ID and susceptibility

A

Pure culture of one anaerobe or a sterile body site or a clinically significant site

104
Q

red fluorescence is due to…
except for…

A

breakdown of hemoglobin to heme
Veillonella

105
Q

gas-liquid chromatography detects…

A

Volatile fatty acids
Alcohols
Non-volatile organic acids

106
Q

grow organism in —— before gas-liquid chromatography

A

glucose broth

107
Q

solubilizes end products of glucose metabolism

A

ether/chloroform

108
Q

catalase +

A

C. acnes

Mercy CLS 2: Microbiology (16 decks)

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