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BDS2 Oral Biology - Histology > (7) Dental Caries > Flashcards

(7) Dental Caries Flashcards

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1
Q

How are caries formed?

A

Bacteria which ferment carbohydrates and therefore produce acids.

Acids breakdown mineralised tissues

Dentin and cementum organ material is broken down also

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2
Q

What do bacteria breakdown in the tooth?

A

Decalcification of hard tissues and disintegration of the organic matrix

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3
Q

What do bacteria convert dietary sugars to?

A

Mainly lactic acid

Also, acetic acid and propionic acids

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4
Q

What is the critical pH?

A

5.5

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5
Q

How does saliva aid in the balance of demineralisation?

A

Buffers the acid and allows remineralisation of enamel

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6
Q

What is the pH of resting plaque?

A

6.5-7

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7
Q

What curve demonstrates the aetiology of dental caries and pH?

A

Stephens curve

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8
Q

How long does it take for the plaque to fall to pH5 after rinsing with sugar?

A

2-3 minutes

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9
Q

What does the pH drop indicate about bacteria?

A

The metabolism of the plaque

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10
Q

What 2 variables effect patient susceptibility to caries?

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic

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11
Q

What are the intrinsic factors effecting tooth caries susceptibility?

A
  1. Enamel composite
  2. Enamel structure
  3. Tooth morphology
  4. Tooth position
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12
Q

What are the extrinsic factors making a patient more susceptible to dental caries?

A
  1. Saliva
  2. Diet
  3. Use of fluoride
  4. Immunity
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13
Q

What are the classifications of dental caries by site of attack?

A
  1. Pit and fissure caries
  2. Smooth surface caries
  3. Cemental or root caries
  4. Recurrent caries
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14
Q

What are the most common type of caries?

A

Pit and fissure caries

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15
Q

Where can pit and fissure caries form?

A
  • occlusal surface of molars and premolars
  • buccaneers and lingual surfaces of molars
  • lingual surfaces of incisors
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16
Q

Where do the smooth surface caries form?

A
  1. Interproximal surfaces

Below contact points

  1. Gingival third of buccal and labial surfaces

Both producing wide open cavities

17
Q

What type f caries is shown here?

A

Cemental/ root caries

18
Q

Why do cemental caries form?

A
  • roots surfaces exposed to oral environment
  • periodontal disease
  • softened root surface
  • shallow cavities with defined cavities
19
Q

Why do dentine caries form?

A

The cementum in the cervical region s very thin, if you brush it away or decay takes over, dentin caries can form

20
Q

Where do recurrent caries form?

A

Around the margin or at the base of a previously existing restoration

21
Q

When do recurrent caries occur?

A

If there isnt a proper sealant on the filling bacteria can go under and cause caries

Fillings can shrink if they are old or not filled well

22
Q

What are the classification of caries according to the rate of attack?

A
  • rampant (acute) caries
  • slow progressive (chronic) caries
  • arrested caries
23
Q

Where do we normally see rampant caries?

A

In children

24
Q

What caries are shown here?

A

Rampant/ acutely caries

25
Q

How any surfaces of the teeth will be effected on the rampant caries?

A

Most of the surfaces

26
Q

What is associated with rampant/ acute caries?

A

Bottle feeding

Bottles with sugary drinks

27
Q

What is the most common type of caries and what demographic do they normally form in?

A

Slowly progressive (chronic) caries

Adults

28
Q

What happens in slowly progressive/ chronic caries? (Pulp)

A

Slow, years for the cavity to develop.

The pulp has enough time to form tertiary dentin and sclerotic dentin. Therefore the pup involvement is quite late.

29
Q

What reaction occurs in the slowly/ chronic caries? And what does it form?

A

Pulp reaction

Makes sclerotic and tertiary dentin

30
Q

What is the carie in this ground section?

A
31
Q

What is the carie in this ground section?

A
32
Q

What is the carie in this ground section?

A
33
Q
A

Arrested caries

34
Q

What are arrested caries?

A

• Caries of enamel or dentine or root caries that becomes static and shows no tendency for further progression.

35
Q

What is the characteristics of arrested caries?

A

Black and soft

36
Q

How can you arrest caries? (enamel and dentin)

A

Enamel
• Approximal lesions could become arrested when adjacent teeth are lost.

Dentine
• Lesions with early sclerosis limit inward spread of caries.
• Deeply stained brown-blackish colour.

BDS2 Oral Biology - Histology (27 decks)

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