Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS2 Oral Biology - Histology > (1) Anatomy and Histology of the Periodontium - periodontal ligament (ground substance, cells, nerve and blood supply) > Flashcards

(1) Anatomy and Histology of the Periodontium - periodontal ligament (ground substance, cells, nerve and blood supply) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What secretes the ground substance?

A

fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the role of the fibroblasts?

A

cells responsible for forming the collagen for collagen fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the components of the ground substance?

A
  • Hyaluronate glycosaminoglycans.
  • Proteoglycans
  • Glycoproteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the proteoglycans comprising the ground substance?

A

1) Proteodermatan sulphate

2) PG1 (contains hybrids of chondroitin sulphate dermatan sulphate).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the glycoproteins which comprise the glycoproteins?

A

1) fibronectin

2) tenascin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the role of the ground substance in the periodontal ligament?

A

maintain pressure and function of the PL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the 6 types of cell in the periodontal ligament

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Cementoblasts.
  3. Osteoblasts
  4. Osteoclasts and cementoclasts.
  5. Epithelial cells
  6. Immune cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the role of fibroblasts in the PL?

A

Form fibres

Responsible for the regeneration of the periodontal ligament.

Role in adaptive responses to mechanical loading.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the shape of the fibroblasts?

A

vary

don’t always see the spindle shape

prominent nucleoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Are fibroblasts active or inactive?

A

active

lots of synthesising organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fibroblasts produce collagen, what else do they do with regard to collagen?

A

Collagen degradation (fibroblasts are also fibroclastic).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Apart from collagen, what other substances do fibroblasts secrete secrete?

A
  1. matrix metalloproteinases
  2. tissue inhibitors
  3. metalloproteinases.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of collagen?

A

help maintain the structural framework of tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What regulates collagen production from fibroblasts?

A

Collagenase production is regulated by exposure of cytokines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do cementoblasts line?

A

the outer surface of the cementum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Are cementoblasts active?

A

Yes, but produce cementum at a very slow pace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is formed at a higher rate, acellular or cellular cementum?

A

cellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where are osteoblasts located?

A

line the alveolar bone

line the tooth socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the role of osteoblasts?

A

form bone

protein synthesising organelles

prominent where there is active bone formation

active protein formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do osteoblasts look like when they are active/inactive?

A

active = basal round nucleus
inactive = flat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of section is shown?

A

decalcified (can see cells)

22
Q

Name structures A-D and what are the black and white arrows pointing to?

A

Decalcified section.

A) Alveolar bone.
B) Periodontal ligament.
C) acellular cementum.
D) Dentine.

White arrows point to osteocytes.

Black arrows point to osteoclasts in Howship’s lacunae.

23
Q

What do osteoclasts and cementoclasts arise from?

A

blood macrophages

24
Q

Are osteoclasts and cementoclasts small mononuclear or giant multinuclear?

A

they can be both

25
Q

What is the brush border of cemento and osteoclasts?

A

striated part of the cell that is adjacent to bone, they represent microvilli.

26
Q

What is in the vesicles of osteo and cementoclasts?

A

acid phosphatase

27
Q

Where are Giant multinucleated osteoclasts found?

A

Howship’s lacunae in bone.

28
Q

What is the role of osteoclasts?

A

reabsorb/ breakdown cementum

29
Q

What are the epithelial cells rests of malassez?

A

remnants of the structures that formed the root of the tooth

they don’t regrade completely after tooth has formed

30
Q

Are the epithelial cells rests of malassez harmful?

A

No

find them within the periodontal ligament

31
Q

What is the basal lamina?

A

extracellular structures found closely apposed to the plasma membrane on the basal surface of epithelial and endothelial cells and surround muscle and fat tissues.

32
Q

What is the structure of epithelial cell rests of Malassez?

A

closely packed cuboidal cells

33
Q

Why are epithelial cell rests of the Malassez important?

A

If there is an inflammation of some sort and there are inflammatory molecules such as cytokines and growth factors

They can be induced to grow and cause cyst formation

34
Q

Which cells can cause cyst formation?

A

epithelial cell rests of the Malassez

35
Q

What cells are the arrows pointing to here?

A

epithelial cell rests of the Malassez

36
Q

What are immune cells in the periodontal ligament?

A

Macrophages
Mast cells
Eosinophils

37
Q

What supplies blood to the periodontal ligament? (arteries)

A

Superior and inferior alveolar arteries.

38
Q

What is the difference between the Superior and inferior alveolar arteries?

A

superior = maxillary bone

inferior = mandibular bone

39
Q

How do the inferior and superior alveolar arteries supply the PDL?

A

Arteries perforating the alveolar bone.

Through the neurovascular bundle entering the apical region of the pulp.

40
Q

Where are the blood vessels located in the periodontal ligament?

A

Major vessels between principal fibres.

41
Q

Where are the capillary plexus found in the PDL?

A

Capillary plexus around teeth.

42
Q

Do veins accompany the arteries?

A

NO

43
Q

What are fenestrations?

A

an arterial anatomic variant where a segment of a single vessel divides into at least two channels, each comprising endothelial and muscular layers (they may share the adventitia) that coalesce to a single lumen along its more distal course.

44
Q

Why are fenestrations important in supplying the PL?

A

They allow immune cells migrate into the periodontal ligament when needed

45
Q

Where would you find intra-alveolar venous networks?

A

prominent around the apex of the alveolus.

46
Q

What do the blue, purple and green arrow point to?

A

blue = blood vessel
purple = endothelial cells
green = fenestration

47
Q

Where does the nerve supply of the periodontal ligament come from?

A

comes through the alveolar bone

or through the neurovascular bundle which comes through the apex of the root, which divides into the pulp and the periodontal ligament

48
Q

What types of nerve fibres supply the PL?

A

sensory

autonomic

49
Q

What do the sensory nerve fibres of the PL allow?

A

nociception

mechanoreception

50
Q

What do the autonomic nerve fibres control in the PL?

A

BLOOD VESSELS

51
Q

Where do the nerve fibres enter the PL?

A

apical region

others enter through the alveolar wall

BDS2 Oral Biology - Histology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions