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BDS2 Oral Biology - Histology > (4) Dentino-pulpal Complex > Flashcards

(4) Dentino-pulpal Complex Flashcards

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1
Q

What forms the bulk of the tooth?

A

Dentine

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2
Q

Is dentine a live tissue?

A

yes!
Forms throughout life

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3
Q

What cells form dentine?

A

odontoblasts

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4
Q

Where are the parallel tubules located in dentine?

A

Mineralised collagen matrix

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5
Q

What is dentine harder than?

A

Harder than bone and cementum

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6
Q

What makes dentine so strong?

A

Its tubular nature renders it strong (high compressive, tensile and flexural strength).

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7
Q

What are the percentages of inorganic, inorganic and water in dentine?

A

Dentine is composed of 70% inorganic component, 20% organic component and 10% water by weight.

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8
Q

Why is dentine more soluble than enamel?

A

The hydroxyapatite is more carbonate rich
Smaller than enamel

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9
Q

Where are the crystals found in dentine?

A

crystals are found on and between collagen fibrils.

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10
Q

What are the organic components of dentine?

A

Collagen (mainly type I) forms 90% of the organic component.

Dentine phospho-proteins, proteoglycans and other proteins are also present.

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11
Q

What is the chemical composition of dentine?

A

Hydroxyapatite crystals

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12
Q

What forms over 90% of the organic matrix

A

Collagen type l

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13
Q

What is the main phosphoprotein of denting

A

Phosphophoryn/ dentin phospho-protein

most acidic protein known and can bind calcium ions

Allows it to be important in mineralisation

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14
Q

What is a feature of phosphophoryn?

A

Due to its high calcium ion binding properties, it has been implicated in mineralisation.

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15
Q

What are the main proteoglycans of dentin?

A

biglycans and decorin

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16
Q

What is the role of proteoglycans is dentin?

A

Proteoglycans have an important role in collagen assembly, cell adhesion, migration, differentiation and proliferation.

17
Q

What are the main glycosaminoglycans of dentin?

A

chondroitin-4- sulphate and chondroitin-6-sulphate.

18
Q

What are other acidic components of the organic matrix of dentin?

A

osteonectin, osteopontin

19
Q

What are some growth factors found in dentin?

A

insulin-like growth factor and transforming growth factor. They are absorbed from circulating tissue fluid.

20
Q

What are phospholipid thought to be involved in?

A

involved in the formation and growth of apatite crystals. - organic matrix

21
Q

Where do denting tubules extend from and to?

A

Dentinal tubules extend from the pulp surface to the amelo- dentinal and the cemento-dentinal junctions.

22
Q

What course do the dentin tubules follow?

A

Curved sigmoid course

Primary curvature

23
Q

Name structures A and B

A
24
Q

What type of section is shown here?

A

Cross section

Partial demineralised section

25
Q

Name structures A-C

A
26
Q

What side of the dentin is thicker and which is thinner?

A

The tubules are 2.5μm in diameter at the pulpal end and 1μm or less at the Enamel end.

27
Q

Why do the dentin tubules become closer together at the pulpal end?

A

As the odontoblasts retreat inwards, they occupy a smaller area, thus the tubules become closer to each others.

28
Q

What cross-sectional area occupies more dentin tubules, enamel-dentin junction or the pulps end?

A

PULPAL END

22% of the cross sectional area near the pulp is occupied by dentinal tubules.
* 2.5% at the enamel-dentine junction.

29
Q

What does this image show?

A

Contour lines of Owen

Secondary curvatures, if they coincide in adjacent tubules they give rise to contour lines of Owen (arrowed).

30
Q

Where do dentin tubules branch?

A

near enamel-dentine junction

31
Q

What happens to terminal branches at the root?

A

They loop

32
Q

What forms the wall of the newly formed dentin tubule at the pulp?

A

Mineralised type 1 collagen

33
Q

What is called intratubular dentin?

A

Tubules are lined with peritubular (intratubular) dentin consisting of a layer of highly mineralized matrix material made primarily of apatite crystals. The intertubular dentin, which lies between the tubules, is a less-calcified matrix that consists of some apatite crystals embedded within a collagen matrix.

Maturation Reduces size of lumen

34
Q

What is the role of the organic dentin phospho-proteins?

A

Only present in small amounts

Integral in the mineralisation of dentin

BDS2 Oral Biology - Histology (27 decks)

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