6.3 - Global Sporting Events

Question 1

background of modern olympics

Answer 1

• established in 1896 by baron Pierre de Coubertin
• visited Britain inlet 1800s and liked features of amateur sport
• originally to be about participation - not just winning

Question 2

aims of Olympic Games

Answer 2

• promote development of those physical/ moral qualities that are the basis of sport
• to spread the olympics throughout the world, creating international goodwill
• bring together world athletes
• educate young through sport of spirit of friendship and understanding = build more peaceful world

Question 3

3 simple olympics values

Answer 3

• encourage effort - striving for excellence
• preserve human dignity
• develop harmony

Question 4

detailed olympics values

Answer 4

• respect - respect for all
• excellence - achieve to best of your ability
• friendship - promotion of friendly spirit
• courage - pushing as hard as possible even if losing
• determination - perserverance
• inspiration - role models
• equality - fair and equal opportunities

Question 5

what is the BOA and what does it do?

Answer 5

• births olympic association formed in 1905
• supplies delegates for the NOC(national olympic committee)
• responsible for selection, planning and execution go team gb participation
• completely depended on sponsorship and fundraising income

Question 6

what is the IOC and what does it do?

Answer 6

• international olympics committee
• created by Paris congress in 1894
• owns all rights to olympic games and symbol
• responsible for selecting host cities

Question 7

Paralympic values

Answer 7

• determination
• courage
• equality
• inspiration

Question 8

5 examples of political exploitation of the Olympic Games

Answer 8

• 1936 Berlin - third reich ideology
• Mexico 1968 - black power demonstration
• Munich 1972 - Palestinian terrorism
• Moscow 1980 - usa boycotted
• Los Angeles 1984 - soviet boycotted

Question 9

third reich ideology

Answer 9

hitler wanted to prove the superiority of the aryan race, had his team training fun time

• had Lutz Lang, the ideal Aryan
• Jesse on wins 4 gold medals in 100, 200, long jump and relay
• hitler refuses to hand gold medal to Jesse

Question 10

Black Power demonstration

Answer 10

• South Africa not. invited due to apartheid regime
• black athletes urged to boycott but didn’t in the end
• smith and Carlos won gold and bronze in the 200m
  one black glove = black power
• no glove left hand = unity in America
• black socks with no shoes = black poverty in America
• these athletes were told to leave

Question 11

Palestinian Terrorism

Answer 11

8 Palestinian terrorists entered olympic village and seized 11 members of Israeli team

• made request to release 234 imprisoned Palestinians in Israel
• all hostages die and 5 terrorists when German authorities tried to rescue

Question 12

USA boycott

Answer 12

1979 soviets invade Afghanistan which extended cold war

• us president jimmy Carter threatened soviets leave or il boycott
• over 4000 athletes boycotted from all around world

Question 13

USSR boycott

Answer 13

14 nations refused to take part

Question 14

positive sporting impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 14

• raise profile of the sport
• new/upgraded sports facilities/venues
• can bring focus onto minority sports
• can cause increase in funding for sport involved
• new role models are created - increased participation - healthier population
• encourages host nation to be more physically active

Question 15

negative sporting impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 15

• increase in playing sport was short run only
• facilities/ participation not always used after
• lesser known non global sports can suffer
• sport deviance/ poor performance is more likely to be highlighted
• pressure can lead to overtraining

Question 16

positive social impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 16

• more money is brought Ito city = more investment into public services
• can give pride and this helps with nation building - boosts mood so improved quality of life
• improved transport systems
• accommodation built for event can be used by community
• nation become more active and healthier

Question 17

negative social impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 17

• regional inequality for benefits
• some areas of host country do not benefit from infrastructure and transport benefits
• local inhabitants may have to vacate for land

Question 18

positive economic impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 18

• increase in income = multiplier effect - infrastructure
• more jobs created
• increase in tourism

Question 19

negative economic impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 19

• bidding to host is very expensive eg, England lost 21 billion bidding for 2018 WC
• event can cost hosts more than revenue
• jobs are usually temporary
• debt
• maintain facilities costs

Question 20

positive political impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 20

• parties and their leaders can gain credit and more votes if successful hosting
• staging global events brings unity
• use event as a shop window, which raises country’s global status
• nation building

Question 21

negative political impacts of hosting a global sporting event

Answer 21

• if costs too high, this can become political disadvantage = less votes
• shock events such as terrorist attacks bring political disadvantages
• if host party fails then political blemish on party
• protests can be embarrassing for country
• negative legacy
• environmental degradation