4.3 - transfer of skills

Question 1

proactive transfer definition + example

Answer 1

influence of one skill on a skill yet to be performed

• practice condition must be realistic

E.g a throwing motor programme learned as a child will later transfer positively such as overran through taught before teaching tennis serve

Question 2

retroactive transfer definition + example

Answer 2

influence of one skill on learning or performance of skill that has previously been learned

E.g GK plays rugby and learns to jump in the line, when he goes back to football his previous catching skills could improve

Question 3

positive transfer definition + example

Answer 3

when learning and performance of one skill helps the learning and performance of another skill

shooting in netball vs shooting in basketball

Question 4

negative transfer definition + example

Answer 4

when the learning and performance of one skill hinders the learning and performance of another skill

firm wrist in tennis vs soft wrist in badminton

Question 5

bilateral transfer definition + example

Answer 5

transfer of learning from one limb to another

eg, passing basketball with left and right once motor programme learnt

Question 6

what is a motor programme?

Answer 6

generalised series of movements stored in the long term memory and each is retrieved by a single decision

Question 7

two ways in which bilateral transfer takes place

Answer 7

1. cognitive aspect of a skill
   eg, football player has idea of how non preferred limb might operate
2. motor programme is transferred, ie pattern of movement that is learned almost automatically for 1 limb is used subconsciously when the other is used

Question 8

How can negative transfer happen?

Answer 8

• performer is confused or misunderstands
• familiar stimulus requiring a new response
• practice conditions are not the same as game situation, so transfer is not as successful