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All the things continued > 6.3 Chronic Leukemia > Flashcards

6.3 Chronic Leukemia Flashcards

1
Q

What are chronic leukemias?

A

Neoplastic proliferation of mature circulating lymphocytes

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2
Q

Is the WBC high or low in chronic leukemia?

A

high

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3
Q

Who usually gets chronic leukemia?

A

Older adults

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4
Q

CLL is caused by what? What are the cell markers that distinguish this from other proliferations?

A

Neoplastic proliferation of B cells

CD5 and CD20

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5
Q

Increased lymphocytes and smudge cells = ?

A

CLL

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6
Q

How does CLL progress to small lymphocytic lymphoma?

A

When bad B cells go to lymph nodes, will cause “lymphoma”

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7
Q

What are the classical findings with CLL? (2)

A

Hypogammaglobulinemia

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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8
Q

What is the cause of the autoimmune hemolytic anemia seen in CLL?

A

Bad B cells producing crappy Igs that attack RBCs

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9
Q

CLL can progress to what?

A

Large B cell lymphoma (enlarging spleen/lymph node)

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10
Q

What is hairy cell leukemia?

A

Neoplastic proliferation of mature B cells

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11
Q

What are the two findings for hairy cell leukemia?

A

Hairy cytoplasmic processes

Cells are TRAP +

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12
Q

What are the three clinical features of hair cell leukemia?

A
  1. Splenomegaly
  2. Dry bone marrow aspiration
  3. Lymphadenopathy is absent
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13
Q

What is odd about the splenomegaly in hairy cell leukemia?

A

Enlargement is found in the red pulp

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14
Q

What is the best way to remember the clinical features of hairy cell leukemia?

A

“TRAPt”

  • Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) +
  • B cells Trapped in the red pulp
  • B cells trapped in the bone marrow
  • B cells trapped so no lymphadenopathy
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15
Q

What is the drug that is used to treat hair cell leukemia? MOA?

A

2-CDA

Adenosine deaminase, which is used in the purine degradation pathway

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16
Q

What is ATLL caused by? What infection is this associated with?

A

Neoplastic proliferation of CD4+ T cells

HTLV-1 (Japan and the caribbean)

17
Q

What are the clinical features of ATLL? (3)

A

Rash
Generalized LAD with HSM
Lytic bone lesions w/ hypercalcemia

18
Q

Lytic bone lesions = ?

A

Multiple myeloma OR ATLL

19
Q

What is mycosis fungoides?

A

Neoplastic proliferation of mature CD4 T cells

20
Q

What are the clinical features of mycosis fungoides?

A

Rash/plaques/nodules

21
Q

Pautrier microabscesses = ?

A

Mycosis fungoides

22
Q

What is Sezary syndrome? What are the cells that are found in this?

A

T cells proliferating (advanced mycosis fungoides)

lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei

23
Q

lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei = ?

A

Sezary syndrome

24
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia is what?

A

Overproduction of mature myeloblasts (PMNs, basophils, eosinophils)

All the things continued (28 decks)

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