9. Patient Assessment Flashcards
Name the components of Scene Size-Up
- Scene Safe
- BSI
- MOI/NOI
- Number of patients
- Additional Resources
- C-Spine stabilization
Name the components of Initial Assessment
- Level of consciousness, LOC
- Mental Status, LOC
- Chief Complaint/Life Threats
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
- Priority transport decision (rapid or focuses)
Define DCAPBTLS
Deformity Contusion Abrasion Puncture Burn Tenderness Laceration Swelling
What to look for in the Head
DECAPBTLS, crepitus
What to look for in the Neck
DECAPBTLS, crepitus, JVD, Trachea is midline
What to look for in the Chest
DECAPBTLS, crepitus, lung sounds=rise and fall
What to look for in the Abdomen
DECAPBTLS, rigidity
What to look for in the Pelvis
DECAPBTLS, crepitus, incontinence, priapism
What to look for in the Lower Extremities
DECAPBTLS, PMS
What to look for in the Upper Extremities
DECAPBTLS, PMS
What to look for in the Posterior
DECAPBTLS, crepitus
What is crepitus?
Bone ends grating together
What is priapism?
Make erection due to spinal injury
What is incontinence?
Nerve stimulates release of urine and bowel
Define the steps in ongoing assessment
- reassessment of vital signs
- reassess initial/primary assessment
- reassess secondary assessment
- reassess treatment or interventions
Time durations in reassessing stable patients?
15 min
Time durations in reassessing unstable patients?
5 min
The secondary muscles of respirations. They include the neck muscles (sternocleidomastoids), the chest pectoralis major muscles, and the abdominal muscles.
accessory muscles
The deviation from alert and oriented to person, place, time, and event, or any deviation from a patient’s normal baseline mental status.
altered mental status
To listen to sounds within an organ with a stethoscope.
auscultate
A method of assessing the level of consciousness by determining whether the patient is awake and alert, responsive to verbal stimuli or pain, or unresponsive; used principally early in the assessment process.
AVPU Scale
The process that the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as it passes through them.
blood pressure
A slow heart rate, less than 60 beats/min.
bradycardia
An indication of air movement in the lungs, usually assessed with a stethoscope.
breath sounds
A test that evaluates distal circulatory system function by squeezing (blanching) blood from an area such as a nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing the pressure.
capillary refill
A noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patient’s ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism; effectively measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time.
capnography
This is a component of air and typically makes up 0.3% of air at sea level; also a waste product exhaled during expiration by the respiratory system.
carbon dioxide
The reason a patient called for help; also the patient’s response to such questions as what’s wrong? or what happened?
chief complaint
To form a clot to plug an opening in an injured blood vessel and stop bleeding?
coagulate
The delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye.
conjunctiva
A crackling, rattling breath sound that signals fluid in the air space of the lungs.
crackles
A grating or grinding sensation caused by fracture bone ends or joints rubbing together; also air bubbles under the skin that produce a crackling sound or cranky feeling.
crepitus
A blue-gray skin color that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood.
cyanosis
Used for assessment of the body deformity contusion abrasion puncture burn tenderness laceration swelling
DCAP-BTLS
Characterized by light or profuse sweating.
diaphoretic