31. Orthopaedic Injuries Flashcards

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1
Q

a simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder

A

acromioclavicular joint

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2
Q

an injury in which part of the body is completely severed

A

amputation

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3
Q

a pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints

A

articular cartilage

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4
Q

the heel bone

A

calcaneus

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5
Q

any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken

A

closed fracture

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6
Q

an elevation of pressure within a closed fascial compartment, characterized by extreme pain, decreased pain sensation, pain on stretching of affected muscles, and decreased power; seen in fractures below the elbow or knee in children

A

compartment syndrome

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7
Q

a grating or grinding sensation or sound caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together

A

crepitus

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8
Q

disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact

A

dislocation

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9
Q

a fracture in which bone fragments are separated from one another, producing deformity in the limb

A

displaced fracture

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10
Q

bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin

A

ecchymosis

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11
Q

movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there is no joint, indicating a fracture; free movement

A

false motion

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12
Q

The fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments

A

fascia

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13
Q

the outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg

A

fibula

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14
Q

a break in the continuity of a bone

A

fracture

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15
Q

the part of the scapula that joins with the humeral head to form the glenohumeral joint

A

glenoid fossa

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16
Q

blood in the urine

A

hematuria

17
Q

the place where two bones come into contact

A

joint

18
Q

a band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone. It supports and strengthens a joint

A

ligament

19
Q

a simple crack in the bone that has not caused the bone to move from its normal anatomic position; hairline fracture

A

nondisplaced fracture

20
Q

any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been broken

A

open fracture

21
Q

a device to splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain

A

pelvic binder

22
Q

tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of injury, found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger

A

point tenderness

23
Q

a hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed

A

position of function

24
Q

to return a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position; to set

A

reduce

25
Q

the space between the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall, containing the kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract

A

retroperitoneal space

26
Q

the major nerve to the lower extremities; controls much of the muscle function in the leg and sensation in most of the leg and foot

A

sciatic nerve

27
Q

a bandage or material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity

A

sling

28
Q

a joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments , and sometimes partial or temporary dislocation of bone ends

A

sprain

29
Q

stretching or tearing of a muscle; a muscle pull

A

strain

30
Q

a bandage that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest

A

swathe

31
Q

the larger of the two lower leg bones responsible for supporting the major weight bearing surface of the knee and ankle; shinbone

A

tibia

32
Q

The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure and elevation; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation

A

tourniquet

33
Q

longitudinal force applied to a structure

A

traction

34
Q

the area of potentially damaged soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint

A

zone of injury