5b. Medical Terminology II Flashcards
abduction
motion of a limb away from the midline
adduction
motion of a limb toward the midline
apex (plural apices)
the pointed extremity of a conical structure
bilateral
a body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline
combining vowel
vowel used to combine root words or a root word and suffix
deep
farther inside the body and away from the skin
distal
further from the trunk or nearer to the free end of the extremity
dorsal
posterior surface of the body, including the back of the hand
extension
straightening of a joint
flexion
bending of a joint
fowler position
an inclined position in which the head of the bed is raised
inferior
below a body part or nearer to the feet
lateral
parts of the body that lie farther from the midline; also called outer structures
medial
parts of the body that lie closer to the midline; also called the inner structures
palmar
the forward facing part of the hand in the anatomic position
plantar
the bottom surface of the foot
posterior
the back surface of the body; side away from you in a standard anatomic position
prefix
part of the term that appears before a word root
prone
lying face down
proximal
closer to the trunk
quadrants
describes the sections of the abdominal cavity, imaginary lines intersect at umbilicus, abdomen into four equal areas
suffix
term that comes after the root word
superficial
closer to or on the skin
superior
above a body part or nearer to the head
supine
lying face up
ventral
anterior surface of the body
word root
main part of a term that that contains the primary meaning
anterior
the front surface of the body; the side facing you in the standard anatomic position
cardi
heart
hepat
liver
nephr
kidney
neur
nerves
psych
mind
thorac
chest
hyper-
over, excessive high
hypo-
under, below normal
tachy-
rapid, fast
brady-
slow
pre-
before
post-
after, behind
-al
pertaining to
-algia
pertaining to pain
-ectomy
surgical removal of
-ic
pertaining too
-itis
inflammation
-logy
study of
-logist
specialist
-megaly
enlargement
-meter
measuring instrument
-oma
tumor (usually cancer)
-pathy
disease
uni-
one
dipl-
two; double
null-
none
primi-
first
multi-
many
bi-
two
tri-
three
quad-
four
tetra-
four
quint-
five
sexti-
six
septi-
seven
oct-
eight
nona-
nine
deca-
ten
semi-
half/partial
hemi-
half/one-sided
ambi-
both
pan-
all, entire
cyan/o
blue
leuk/o
white
erythr/o
red
cirrh/o
yellow-orange
melan/o
black
poli/o
gray
alb
white
chlor/o
green
ab-
away from
ad-
to, toward
de-
down from, away
circum-
around, about
peri-
around
trans-
across, through, beyond
epi-
above, upon, on
supra-
above,over
retro-
behind
sub-
under, beneath
infra-
below, under
para-
near, beside, beyond, apart from
contra-
against, opposite
ecto-
out, outside
endo-
within
extra-
outside, in addition
intra-
inside, within
ipsi-
same
Anterior(ventral)
Front
Posterior(dorsal)
Back
Right/left
In relation to patient
Top
Superior
Bottom
Inferior
Closest
Proximal
Farthest
Dorsal
Middle
Medial
Side
Lateral
In
Superficial
Out
Deep
abdomin/o
abdomen
acou/o; acoust/o
hear
aden/o
gland
adip/o
fat
alb/o
white
alges/o
pain
andr/o
man, male
angi/o
vessel
angin/o
blood vessel
ankyl/o
fused, stiff
anter/o
front
aort/o
aorta
append/o
appendix
arteri/o
artery
arthr/o
joint
asthen/o
weak
atel/o
incomplete
ather/o
fat
atri/o
atrium
audi/o
to hear
aur/o
ear
aut/o
self
bacteria/o
bacteria
bi
life; also two
bil/i
bile
blast/o
germ, bud, developing cell
blephar/o
eyelid
brachi/o
arm
bronch/i
airway, bronchus
bucc/o
cheek
burs/o
pouch or sac
calc/i
calcium
carcin/o
cancer
cardi/o
heart
carp/o
wrist
cartil/o
cartilage, gristle
caud/o
tail
cec/o
blind intestine, cecum
cel/o
hernia, portrusion
cent/e
to puncture (a body cavity)
cent/i
a fraction in the metric system; one hundredth or 100
cephal/o
head
cerebr/o
brain, cerebrum
cervic/o
neck
chol/e
bile
chondr/o
cartilage
chrom/o
color
chron/o
time
cirrh/o
yellow-orange
cleid/o
clavicle
col/o
colon
colp/o
vagina
condyl/o
knuckle of a joint
cor/o
pupil
corne/o
cornea
cost/o
rib
crani/o
cranium, skull
crin/o
to secrete
cubitus
elbow
cutane/o
skin
cyan/o
blue
cycl/o
circle or cycle
cyst/o
bladder
cyt/o
cell
derm(at)/o
skin
digit
finger or toe
dipl/o
two, double
dips/o
thirst
disk/o
flat shape, intervertebral disk
dist/o
distant, away
diverticul/o
diverticulum, a small blind pouch
dors/o
back
duct/o
lead, move
duoden/o
duodenum
ech/o
to bounce, sound
ede
swelling
elast/o
change shape
electr/o
electricity
embol/o
a plug
embry/o
embryo
emesis
vomit
emmetr/o
according to measure
enchephal/o
brain
enter/o
small intestine
episi/o
vulva
erythr/o
red
esthesi
sensation or perception
febr
fever
flex
bend
foramen
opening
fract
break
gastr/o
stomach
gest
carry, produce, congestion
glyc/o
sugar, sweet
gno
know
gyn/o
woman, female
hem(at)/o
blood
hepat/o
liver
heter/o
other, different
hom/o
the same
hydr/o
water
idi/o
person, self
lact/o
milk
leuk/o
white
lingu/o
tongue
mal/o
abnormal, blood
medi/o
middle
melan/o
black
men/o
month, menstruation
mening/o
membrane, usually meninges
myel/o
marrow or spinal cord
my/o
muscle
nephr/o
kidney
neur/o
nerve
ocul/o
eye
ophthalm/o
eye
oste/o
bone
ot/o
ear
ov/o
egg
palpate
to examine by touch
path/o
disease
ped/o
child or foot
percuss
to examine by striking
phag/o
eat
pharyng/o
throat
phot/o
light
pleur/o
rib, side
pneum(at)/o
lungs, air
pneumo(n)/o
lungs, air
pod(i)
foot
pseud/o
false
psych/o
mind
pto
fall
ptyal/o
saliva
pulmon/o
lungs
pur,py
pus
pyr/o
fire, heat
quadr/o; quar
four
ren/o
kidney
rhin/o
nose
sangui(n)o
blood
scler/o
hard
sebum
a fatty secretion of the sebaceous glands
sect/o
cut
sept/o
wall, divider; seven
serum
the clear portion of body fluids, including blood
sinus
cavity, channel, or hollow space
som(a)
body
spir/o
coil, to breathe
stern(o)-
sternum (breastbone)
stomat/o
mouth
thorac/o
chest
tom/o
cut
toxic/o
poisonous
trich/o
hair
ur/o
urine
uter/o
uterus, womb
varic/o
dilated vein
vas/o
blood vessel
viscer/o
internal organs
xen/o
foreign (material)
xer/o
dry
a-
without, lack of
ab-
away from
ad-
to, toward
an-
without
ana-
up, back, again
ante-
before, forward
anti-
against, opposite
auto-
self
bi-
two
brady-
slow
circum-
around, about
contra-
against, opposite
de-
down from, away
di-
twice, double
dia-
through, completely
dys-
difficult, painful, abnormal
ect(o)-
out, outside
end(o)-
within
epi-
upon, over, above
eu-
easy, good, normal
ex(o)-
outside, away from
extra-
outside, in addition
hemi-
half
hyper-
over, excessive, high
hypo-
under, below normal
in-
in, into, not, without
infra-
below, under
inter-
between
intra-
inside, within
ipsi-
same
iso-
equal
macro-
large
mal-
bad or normal
mega-
large
meta-
after, change
micro-
small
mono-
one, single
multi-
many
neo-
new
noct-
night
nulli-
none
olig(o)-
little, deficient
ortho-
straight or normal
pan-
all, entire
para-
near, beside, beyond, apart from
per-
through
peri-
around
poly-
many
post-
after
pre-
before
primi-
first
pro-
before, in front of
quadr(i)-
four
re-
back
retro-
backward, behind
semi-
half, partial
sub-
under, below
super-
above, excessive, more than normal
supra-
above, excessive, more than normal
sym-
together, joined
syn-
together, joined
tachy-
rapid, fast
tetra-
four
trans-
across, through, beyond
tri-
three
uni-
one
-al
pertaining to
-algia
pertaining to weakness
-asthenia
weakness
-blast
immature cell
-cele
pertaining to a tumor or swelling
-centesis
puncturing of an organ or cavity
-cyte
cell
-ectomy
surgical removal of
-emesis
vomiting
-emia
pertaining to substance in blood
-esthenia
pertaining to sensation or perception
-genic
causing
-gram
record
-graph
record or instrument used to create record
-ia
condition of
-ic
pertaining to
-itis
inflammation
-lysis
define, disintegration, destruction of
-megaly
enlargement of
-meter
measuring instrument
-ology
science or study of
-oma
tumor
-osis
pertaining to a disease process
-ostomy
surgical creation of an opening
-pathy
disease or system for treating disease
-phagia
pertaining to eating or swelling
-phasia
pertaining to speech
-phobia
pertaining to an irrational fear
-plasty
plastic surgery
-plegia
paralysis
-pnea
pertaining to breathing
-ptosis
drooping
-rrhage
abnormal or excessive flow or discharge
-rrhagia
abnormal or excessive flow or discharge
-rrhaphy
satire of; repair of
-rrhea
flow or discharge
-scope
instrument for examination
-scopy
examination with an instrument
-sis
a process, action, or condition
-stasis
slowing or stopping of the normal flow of a fluid, such as blood
-taxis
order, arrangement of
-trophic
pertaining to nutrition
