34. Pediatric Emergencies Flashcards
children between ages 12 to 18 years
adolescents
an event that causes unresponsiveness, cyanosis, and apnea in an infant, who then resumes breathing with stimulation
apparent life threatening even (ALTE)
to turn white
blanch
slow respiratory rate; ominous sign in a child that indicates impending respiratory arrest
bradypnea
inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus
bronchiolitis
pulses that are closest to the core part of the body where the vital organs are located; included the carotid, femoral, and apical pulses
central pulses
a general term applying to all forms of abuse and neglect of children
child abuse
an inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system that may cause a partial airway obstruction and is characterized by barking cough; usually seen in children
croup
a disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction
epiglottitis
areas where the neonate’s or infant’s skull has not fused together; usually disappear at approx 18 months of age
fontanelles
a seizure that features rhythmic back and forth motion of an extremity and body stiffness
generalized tonic-clonic seizure
an “uh” sound heard during exhalation; reflects the child’s attempt to keep the alveoli open; a sign of increased work of breathing
grunting
the first year of life
infancy
a tape used to estimate an infant or child’s weight on the basis of length; appropriate drug doses and equipment sizes are listed on the tape
length based resuscitation tape
an inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord; it is usually caused by a virus or a bacterium
meningitis
the external openings of the nostrils. A single nostril opening is called a naris
nares
refusal or failure on the part of the parent or caregiver to provide life necessities
neglect
a form of bacterial meningitis characterized by rapid onset of symptoms often leading to shock and death
Nesisseria meningitides
a structured assessment tool used to rapidly form a general impression of the infant or child without touching him or her; consists of assessing appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to the skin
pediatric assessment triangle (PAT)
a specialized medical practice devoted to the care of the young
pediatrics
an airborne bacterial infection that affects mostly children younger than 6 years, in which the patient is feverish and exhibits a “whoop” sound on inspiration after a coughing attack; highly contagious through droplet infection. Also called whooping cough
pertussis
children between ages 3 to 6 years
preschool age
children between ages 6 to 12 years
school age
a syndrome seen in abused infants and children; the patient has been subjected to violent, whiplash type shaking injuries inflicted by the abusing individual that may cause coma, seizures, and increased intracranial pressure due to tearing of the cerebral veins with consequent bleeding into the brain
shaken baby syndrome
an upright position in which the patient’s head and chin are thrust slightly forward to keep the airway open; the optimum position for the uninjured child who requires airway management
sniffing position
death of an infant or young child that remains unexplained after a complete autopsy
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
increased respiratory rate
tachynea
a child age 1 to 3 years
toddler
inflammation of he trachea
tracheitis
an upright position in which the patient leans forward onto outstretched arms with the head and chin thrust slightly forward
tripod position
an indicator of oxygenation and ventilation; reflects the child’s attempt to compensate for hypoxia
work of breathing
