(6) DSA: Lung Volumes (Rogers)

Question 1

Contraction of inspiratory muscles produces a:

Answer 1

INCREASE in thoracic volume

Question 2

What are the muscles involves in inspiration?

Answer 2

Diaphragm

External intercostals

Accessory muscles (scalene, sternomastoids, other muscles of head and neck)

Question 3

What are the muscles that participate in expiration?

(*compress the rib cage)

Answer 3

Abdominals (displace diaphragm)

Internal Intercostals

Question 4

What is the risidual volume (RV)?

Answer 4

Volume of air that cannot be forced out, no matter how hard one tries

Question 5

What is tidal volume (Vt)?

Answer 5

The amount of air inspired or expired in a single breath

Question 6

What is the normal resting tidal volume?

Answer 6

500ml

Question 7

What is the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)?

Answer 7

Volume of air breathed above tidal volume

Question 8

What is the expiratory reserve volume (ERV)?

Answer 8

Volume of air that can be forced out in addition to tidal volume

*DOES NOT INCLUDE RESIDUAL VOLUME

Question 9

What is the vital capacity (VC)?

Answer 9

Amount of air that can be maximally inspired following a maximal expiration

Question 10

What is vital capacity influenced by?

Answer 10

Posture

Ability of diaphragm to contract/relax

Strength of respiratory muscles

Thoracic wall expansibility

Resistance to air flow

Lung elasticity

Disease

Question 11

What is the inspiratory capacity (IC)?

Answer 11

Capacity of air that can be maximally inspired following a normal exhale

Question 12

What is the functional residual capacity (FRC)?

Answer 12

Amount of air that remains in the lungs following a normal expiration

Question 13

What is the total lung capacity (TLC)?

Answer 13

Maximal volume to which lungs can be expanded with greatest effort

Question 14

What are the influences on lung volumes?

Answer 14

Body size

Age

Posture

Sex

Ethnicity

Obesity

Pulmonary disease

Question 15

What are the nitrogen-washout technique and helium dilution used for?

Answer 15

Used to determine functional residual capacity

Question 16

What technique is used for measuring residual volume?

Answer 16

Body plethysmography

Question 17

Tidal Volume (VT)?

Answer 17

500 mL

Question 18

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)?

Answer 18

3,000

Question 19

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)?

Answer 19

1100-1200 mL

Question 20

Residual volume (RV)?

Answer 20

1200

Question 21

Inspiratory capacity (IC)?

Answer 21

3500

Question 22

Functional residual capacity (FRC)?

Answer 22

2300-2400

Question 23

Vital Capacity (VC)?

Answer 23

4600-4700 mL

Question 24

Total lung capacity (TLC)?

Answer 24

5800 - 6000 mL