5.3 Flashcards
What are the structural differences between DNA and RNA?
RNA:
-Has Uracil
-Ribose Sugar
-Single Stranded
DNA:
-Has Thymine
-Deoxyribose Sugar
-Double Stranded
What are the parts of a gene?
-Promoter
-Enhancer
-Intron
-Exon
What does an Enhancer do?
It starts and stops transcription and is an additional binding site.
What does an Exon do?
It is the parts of the sequence present in mRNA.
What does an Intron do?
It is the parts of the sequence that are spliced out when forming mRNA.
What is Transcription?
Transcription is the process of transcribing RNA from DNA by using a template strand of DNA to copy parts of and make a strand of RNA.
What is Translation?
Turning RNA into proteins.
What are the steps of Transcription?
- Initiation
- Elongation
3.Termination
What happens during Initiation?
Transcription Factors are bound to the promoter and attract RNA Polymerase prepping the strand for Transcription.
What happens during Elongation?
RNA Polymerase constructs RNA.
What happens during Termination?
RNA Polymerase reaches a point where it codes for termination. This is called the Polyadenylation Site, where a PolyA chain is added to the end of the RNA.
