5.1 Cause of disease Flashcards
1
Q
What is disease?
A
Condition in which the presence of abnormality causes loss of normal structure and function and consequently affects health.
2
Q
A
3
Q
A
4
Q
A
5
Q
A
6
Q
What is hypoxia?
A
- Oxygen deficiency
- Interferes with aerobic oxidative respiration
- Arise from Pneumonia=inadequate oxygenation
- Blood loss anemia
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Ischemia=loss of blood supply to tissue
7
Q
What sort of chemical agents give rise to cell injury?
A
- Poisons
- Tobacco
- Alcohol
- Glucose and salt alter osmotic balance
- O2
- Environmental agents such as pollution, lead, mercury
8
Q
What infectious agents give rise to cell injury?
A
- Bacteria
- VIrus
- Fungi
- Parasite
- Prions are small proteinaceous infectious particles which are resistant to inactivation by most procedures that modify nucleic acids……… and underscores the requirement of a protein for infection.
9
Q
How does immunological reactions give rise to cell injury?
A
- Immune imbalance
- Autoimmunity
- Hypersensitivities
- Graft rejection
- Immune Deficiency
10
Q
How is genetic defect a type of cell injury?
A
Congenital malformations (downs syndrome), single base mutations causing functional deficiency or protein misfolding
11
Q
How is nutritional imbalance a type of cell injury?
A
-
Deficiency
- Malnutrition
- Vitamins (Vitamin A, D)
-
Excess
- Obesity
- Type 2 diabetes
- Hypertension
- Hyperglyceridemia
12
Q
How are physical agents a type of cell injury?
A
- Mechanical trauma (abrasions, contusions lacerations etc.)
- Thermal injury (burns, hyperthermia, hypothermia)
- Electrical injury
- Ionizing radiation
- Atmosphere (pressure)
13
Q
How is aging a type of cell injury?
A
- Progressive decline in cellular function and viability.
- Genetic factors
- Exogenous influences
14
Q
A
