4.4 Overview of the Immune System Flashcards
1
Q
What are the four principles of immune responses?
A
Recognition
- Discriminate between self and non self
- Danger vs Non danger
Response
- Appropriate for the pathogen
- Present as soon as exposure occurs
- Rapid
Memory
- Vaccines
Regulation
- Chronic inflammation, autoimmune disease
2
Q
What are PAMPs?
A
- Some microbial molecules are unique to microbes but are shared within discrete taxonomic groups eg. LPS in gram negative bacteria.
- These shared molecules are called PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns)
3
Q
What are antigens?
A
- Some microbial molecules are unique to a particular organism eg those displayed by one strain of influenza virus but not another strain.
- Unique molecules that can be recognised by the immune system are called antigens
4
Q
What are opportunistic infections?
A
- Suppression of the immune system allows microbes that are normally harmless to become pathogenic eg. “opportunistic infections” seen in HIV/AIDS, or following corticosteroid treatment
5
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6
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7
Q
What are the non-specific defence systems (first line of defence)?
A
8
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9
Q
Which cells are only involved in adaptive immunity?
A
10
Q
Which cells are involved in both innate immune response and adaptive immunity?
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11
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12
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13
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14
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15
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16
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17
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18
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19
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20
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21
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22
Q
What is a neutrophil?
A
23
Q
What is a eosinophil?
A
24
Q
What is a basophil?
A
25
Q
What is a mast cell?
A
26
Q
What are the two types of adaptive immunity responses?
A
27
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