5.0 neuro - olfaction / gustation Flashcards
which cranial nerve carries the sense of smell
CN I olfactory
which cranial nerves carry the sense of taste
CN VII facial, CN IX glassopharyngeal, CNX vagus
which cranial nerve carries the sense of vision
CN II optic
which cranial nerve carries the sense of hearing
CN VIII vestibulocochlear
which cranial nerve carries the sense of balance
CN VIII vestibulocochlear
is olfaction a chemical or physical sense
chemical
where are olfactory receptors located
within the olfactory epilthelium
what/where is the olfactory epilthelium
superior part of the nasal cavity, inferior surface of the cribriform plate
the olfactory epithelium consists of which three kinds of cells
olfactory receptors, supporting cells, basal cells
what are olfactory receptors and what do they do
bipolar neurons, transduce odorant molecules into neural signal
what are supporting cells of the olfactory epithelium and what do they do
equivalent to glia, nourish, protect, insulate
what are basal cells of the olfactory epithelium and what do they do
divide and give rise to new olfactory receptors
where do olfactory nerves terminate
in the olfactory bulbs
where do olfactory bulb neurons project and via what
to the cortex via the olfactory tract
which sense bypasses the thalamus
olfaction only
where does the olfactory tract project to
the limbic system (amygdala) and hypothalamus
where do olfactory tract axons project to
the primary olfactory area (piriform cortex, entorhinal area) located at the inferior and medial surface of the temporal lobe
is taste / gustation a chemical or physical sense
chemical
what are the five primary tastes
sour, sweet, bitter, salty, unami
where are taste buds located
tongue, soft palette, pharynx, epiglottis
taste buds are made of up which three types of epithelial cells
sensory cells, support cells, basal cells
what are sensory cells of the taste buds and what do they do (structure, contacts)
constantly renewed, long microvilli at the apical surface that extend into the taste pore. not neurons, but in contact with axons of sensory neurons
what are supporting cells of the taste buds and what do they do
equivalent to glia, nourish, etc
what are basal cells of the taste buds and what do they do
divide, mature, and replace old sensory cells
taste buds are found in / on what elevator structure
papillae
what are the 4 types of papillae
vallate, fungiform, poliate, filiform papillae
vallate papillae
form an inverted V-shaped row at the back of the tongue
fungiform papillae
are mushroom-shaped elevations scattered over the entire tongue surface
foliate papillae
located in small trenches on the lateral margins of the tongue
filiform papillae
contain tactile receptors but no taste buds. increase friction between the tongue and food, making it easier for the tongue to move food into the oral cavity
what regions of the tongue / mouth do CN VII, CN IX, CN X serve in regards to taste
CN VII: anterior 2/3
CN IX: posterior 1/3
CN X: thoat and epiglottis
