1.6 neuro - neurodevelopment

Question 1

What are the three main results of neurulation

Answer 1

Creation of the neural tube, creation of the ventricular system (from the neural tube), and separation of the neural crest from the neural tube

Question 2

What are the three germ layers formed in the blastocyte?

Answer 2

Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 3

From which direction does the neural tube close

Answer 3

From the middle towards the end

Question 4

What is a neuropore

Answer 4

Where the neural tube remains open for a time

Question 5

What neuropore is on the brain end of the neural tube

Answer 5

Cranial

Question 6

What neuropore is on the spinal cord end of the neural tube

Answer 6

Caudal

Question 7

Failure of the cranial neuropore to close results in what

Answer 7

Anencephaly

Question 8

Failure of the caudal neuropore to close results in what

Answer 8

Spina bifida

Question 9

Which parts of the CNS (glia, neurons) are generated from the neural tube

Answer 9

Neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes

Question 10

Explain the process of neurogenesis

Answer 10

Cells divide within the ventricular zone, postmitotic neurons migrate away from the ventricular zone and form the marginal zone, new neurons migrate along radial glia through old neurons

Question 11

Which end of the neural tube grows faster

Answer 11

Cranial

Question 12

From what germ layer does the nervous system arise

Answer 12

Ectoderm

Question 13

What mesodermal structure induces the neural plate

Answer 13

Notochord

Question 14

What forms the ventricular system and why are there two lateral ventricles

Answer 14

Lumen within the neural tube; Because of anchor between the two that makes the tube expand into two “bubbles”

Question 15

Where is the neural crest formed and what different cell types does it become

Answer 15

Separates from the neural tube
- Dorsal root ganglia neurons
- Autonomic ganglia neurons
- Pia mater
- Schwann cells
- Satellite cells
- Melanocytes