5. Pneumothorax Flashcards

1
Q

(PTX)

Einteilung (3)

A
  • Spontanpneumothorax
  • Spannungspneumothorax
  • Hämothorax
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2
Q

(PTX)

Spontanpneumothorax: Formen

A
  • primärer (PSP)
  • sekundärer (SSP)
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3
Q

(PTX)

Risikofaktor

A

Rauchen

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4
Q

(PTX)

Leitsymptome (3)

A
  • plötzlich einsetzender stechender atemabhängiger Thoraxschmerz
  • Tachydyspnoe oder Tachykardie
  • Zyanose
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5
Q

(PTX)

Befund bei der Auskultation

A

abgeschwächtes oder fehlendes Atemgeräusch

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6
Q

(PTX)

Befunde bei der Perkussion (2)

A
  • Pneumothorax: hypersonorer Klopfschall
  • Hämothorax: gedämpfter Klopfschall
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7
Q

(PTX)

Therapie: Erstmaßnahmen (2)

A
  • Öberkörper hochlagern
  • über eine Nasensonde Sauerstoff geben
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8
Q

(PTX)

Therapie: Möglichkeiten (3)

A
  • konservative
  • interventionelle
  • operative
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8
Q

(PTX)

konservative Therapie

A

ambulante Beobachtung

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9
Q

(PTX)

interventionelle Therapie

A

Thoraxdrainage

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10
Q

(PTX)

Thoraxdrainage: Positionen (2)

A
  • Bülau
  • Monaldi
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11
Q

(PTX)

Bülau-Position

A

Safe Triangle: 4.-5. ICR zwischen vorderer und mittlerer Axillarlinie

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12
Q

(PTX)

Monaldi-Position

A
  1. ICR in der Medioklavikularlinie
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13
Q

(PTX)

Bülau-Position: Indikation

A

Standardzugang

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14
Q

(PTX)

Monaldi-Position: Indikation

A

notfallmäßige Entlastung einer Spannungspneumothorax

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15
Q

(PTX)

OP: Indikationen (2)

A
  • bei persistierendem Luftleck trotz Drainagebehandlung
  • Rezidiv eines Spontanpneumothorax
16
Q

(PTX)

OP: Zugangswege (2)

A
  1. videoassistierete Thorakoskopie (VATS)
  2. offene Thorakotomie
17
Q

(PTX)

Thoraxdrainage: Standardzugang

A

Bülau-Position

18
Q

(PTX)

Thoraxdrainage: notfallmäßige Entlastung

A

Monaldi-Position